Comparative Analysis of the Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of and Provide Insights into Evolution and Phylogeny Relationships.

The genus belonging to the family Apiaceae, comprises roughly 20 species. Only two species, and are available in China and are both rich in nutrients and have favorable medicinal properties. However, the lack of genomic data has severely constrained the study of genetics and evolution in plants. In this study, Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and Nanopore sequencing platforms were employed to identify the mitochondrial genomes of and . The complete lengths of the mitochondrial genomes of and were 263,017 bp and 260,164 bp, respectively, and contained 39 and 36 protein-coding genes, five and six rRNA genes, and 19 and 20 tRNA genes. Consistent with most angiosperms, both and showed a preference for codons encoding leucine (Leu). In the mitochondrial genome of , 335 SSRs were detected, which is higher than the 196 SSRs found in the mitochondrial genome of . Studies have shown that the most common RNA editing type is C-to-U, but, in our study, both and exhibited the U-C editing type. Furthermore, the transfer of the mitochondrial genomes of and into the chloroplast genomes revealed homologous sequences, accounting for 8.14% and 4.89% of the mitochondrial genome, respectively. Lastly, in comparing the mitochondrial genomes of 29 species, it was found that , , and form a sister group with a support rate of 100%. Overall, this investigation furnishes extensive insights into the mitochondrial genomes of and , thereby enhancing comprehension of the traits and evolutionary patterns within the genus. Additionally, it offers supplementary data for evolutionary and comparative genomic analyses of other species within the Apiaceae family.