Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 100001, China.
College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Oct 5;24(19):14928. doi: 10.3390/ijms241914928.
Adenosine, an immunosuppressive metabolite, is produced by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from dying or stressed cells and is found at high levels in the tumor microenvironment of most solid tumors. It mediates pro-tumor activities by inducing tumor cell proliferation, migration or invasion, tumor tissue angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. In addition, adenosine plays an important role in regulating anti-tumor immune responses and facilitating tumor immune escape. Adenosine receptors are broadly expressed by tumor-infiltrated immune cells, including suppressive tumor-associated macrophages and CD4 regulatory T cells, as well as effector CD4 T cells and CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Therefore, adenosine is indispensable in down-regulating anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment and contributes to tumor progression. This review describes the current progress on the role of adenosine/adenosine receptor pathway in regulating the tumor-infiltrating immune cells that contribute to tumor immune evasion and aims to provide insights into adenosine-targeted tumor immunotherapy.
腺苷是一种免疫抑制代谢物，由垂死或应激细胞释放的三磷酸腺苷（ATP）产生，在大多数实体瘤的肿瘤微环境中含量很高。它通过诱导肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移或侵袭、肿瘤组织血管生成和化疗耐药性来介导促肿瘤活性。此外，腺苷在调节抗肿瘤免疫反应和促进肿瘤免疫逃逸方面发挥着重要作用。腺苷受体广泛表达于肿瘤浸润性免疫细胞中，包括抑制性肿瘤相关巨噬细胞和 CD4 调节性 T 细胞，以及效应性 CD4 T 细胞和 CD8 细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞。因此，腺苷在下调肿瘤微环境中的抗肿瘤免疫反应中不可或缺，并有助于肿瘤的进展。本综述描述了腺苷/腺苷受体通路在调节肿瘤浸润免疫细胞方面的最新进展，这些细胞有助于肿瘤免疫逃逸，并旨在为靶向腺苷的肿瘤免疫治疗提供新的见解。
