Askeyev Oleg, Askeyev Arthur, Askeyev Igor, Sparks Tim
Biomonitoring Laboratory, Institute of Problems in Ecology and Mineral Wealth, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420087, Russia.
Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Sep 27;13(19):3031. doi: 10.3390/ani13193031.
The first arrival dates of 31 species of migrant birds in the Tatarstan Republic of Russia were monitored for the 34-year period from 1989-2022. Trends in first arrival date were evaluated using regression against the year value. Patterns in arrival data with respect to species traits (habitat, migration distance, body weight, etc.) were evaluated using redundancy analysis. Relationships between first arrival dates and Tatarstan temperatures were also evaluated using regression methods of first-arrival date on monthly mean temperatures. Almost all (28 of 31) species revealed a significantly earlier migration arrival date; however, associations between arrival patterns and species traits were equivocal. Warmer temperatures were significantly associated with earlier arrival in 26 of the 31 species, but the relationship was insufficient to explain the average 11-day advance in species. For these species and in this location only the timing and location of arrival are well recorded; the exact wintering areas and migration routes, and the timing of these phases are less well understood. When these become better known, an investigation of the influence of environmental conditions (including temperature) on departure timing and passage timing and speed is recommended.
在1989年至2022年的34年期间，对俄罗斯鞑靼斯坦共和国31种候鸟的首次到达日期进行了监测。使用与年份值的回归分析来评估首次到达日期的趋势。使用冗余分析评估到达数据与物种特征（栖息地、迁徙距离、体重等）之间的模式。还使用首次到达日期与月平均温度的回归方法来评估首次到达日期与鞑靼斯坦温度之间的关系。几乎所有（31种中的28种）物种的迁徙到达日期都显著提前；然而，到达模式与物种特征之间的关联并不明确。在31种物种中的26种中，温度升高与到达时间提前显著相关，但这种关系不足以解释物种平均提前11天到达的情况。对于这些物种以及在此地点，仅到达的时间和地点记录良好；确切的越冬区域和迁徙路线以及这些阶段的时间了解较少。当这些情况被更清楚地了解时，建议调查环境条件（包括温度）对出发时间、过境时间和速度的影响。
