Ampode Keiven Mark B, Mun Hong-Seok, Lagua Eddiemar B, Chem Veasna, Park Hae-Rang, Kim Young-Hwa, Yang Chul-Ju
Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Sultan Kudarat State University, Tacurong 9800, Philippines.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Oct 9;13(19):3148. doi: 10.3390/ani13193148.
The late gestation period is crucial for fetal growth and development, impacting swine enterprises' profitability. Various nutritional strategies have been explored to enhance reproductive performance in sows, but findings regarding birth weight and litter size have been inconsistent. This study investigated the effects of increased feeding allowance during the late gestation period on the reproductive performance and farrowing behavior of primiparous and multiparous sows. A total of 28 sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) were used in this experiment, and fed 2.50 kg/d or 3.50 kg/d from 84 days of gestation until farrowing. Farrowing behavior was monitored using a DeepEyes M3SEN camera. The data were analyzed using the 2 × 2 factorial within Statistical Analysis System (SAS, 2011, Version 9.3) software. The results indicated that regardless of the parity number, sows fed a high diet exhibited a numerical increase in the total number of born piglets and a significant increase in milk yield ( = 0.014) and piglet birthweight ( = 0.023). Backfat thickness loss was significantly higher in sows with a 2.50 kg feeding allowance ( = 0.022), and the total number of piglets born, live births, and litter size were numerically higher in sows fed 3.50 kg per day. Moreover, stillborn piglets, mortality rate, and re-estrus days were numerically lower in sows with a high feeding allowance. The diet and parity did not individually affect the average duration of farrowing and farrowing intervals. However, the duration of postural changes in sows after farrowing was significantly reduced ( = 0.012). The principal component analysis revealed 81.40% and 80.70% differences upon partial least-squares discriminant analysis. Therefore, increasing feeding allowance during the late gestation period, regardless of parity, could positively influence sows' reproductive performance and piglets' growth performance during the lactation phase.
妊娠后期对胎儿生长发育至关重要，影响着养猪企业的盈利能力。人们探索了各种营养策略来提高母猪的繁殖性能，但关于出生体重和产仔数的研究结果并不一致。本研究调查了妊娠后期增加采食量对初产和经产母猪繁殖性能及产仔行为的影响。本实验共使用了28头母猪（长白×大白），从妊娠84天至分娩期间分别饲喂2.50千克/天或3.50千克/天。使用DeepEyes M3SEN摄像头监测产仔行为。数据使用统计分析系统（SAS，2011，版本9.3）软件中的2×2析因法进行分析。结果表明，无论胎次如何，采食高量日粮的母猪产仔总数呈数值增加，产奶量（P = 0.014）和仔猪出生体重显著增加（P = 0.023）。采食量为2.50千克的母猪背膘厚度损失显著更高（P = 0.022），每天采食3.50千克的母猪产仔总数、活产仔数和窝产仔数在数值上更高。此外，采食高量日粮的母猪死胎数、死亡率和再发情天数在数值上更低。日粮和胎次单独均未影响平均产仔持续时间和产仔间隔。然而，母猪分娩后姿势变化的持续时间显著缩短（P = 0.012）。主成分分析显示，偏最小二乘判别分析的差异分别为81.40%和80.70%。因此，妊娠后期增加采食量，无论胎次如何，均可对母猪繁殖性能及哺乳期仔猪生长性能产生积极影响。
