Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
Department of Pediatric, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
Nutrients. 2023 Sep 29;15(19):4215. doi: 10.3390/nu15194215.
Prenatal alcohol exposure is the cause of impaired growth and a wide range of developmental and behavioral disorders in the child. Improper eating patterns are commonly associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and may contribute to poor nutrition and growth restriction. To date, there have been only a few studies investigating the hormonal regulation of appetite in patients with FASD. We analyzed the levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY), Agouti signaling protein (ASP), alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), and kisspeptin (KISS1) in 57 patients with FASD and 23 healthy controls. A comparison of the hormone levels studied was also performed in subgroups of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (ND PAE), as well as in males and females. We have found no differences in hormone levels tested between affected individuals and the controls and between FASD subgroups. In addition, sex had no effect on hormone levels. However, we identified some associations between hormone concentrations and parameters describing the clinical status of patients with FASD. Most of them concerned ASP, which has shown a positive correlation with age and hormones involved in appetite and metabolism, such as proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). We have also found a negative correlation of α-MSH with age, BMI percentile, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Furthermore, we found a weak negative correlation of NPY with HbA1c. Although FASD has been associated with impaired child growth and development, including nutrition and puberty onset, we did not identify differences in the levels of the hormones studied, which may suggest that prenatal alcohol exposure does not affect the levels of these metabolites.
产前酒精暴露是导致儿童生长发育迟缓以及广泛的发育和行为障碍的原因。不良的饮食习惯通常与胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）有关，并可能导致营养不足和生长受限。迄今为止，仅有少数研究调查了 FASD 患者的食欲激素调节。我们分析了 57 名 FASD 患者和 23 名健康对照者的神经肽 Y（NPY）、刺鼠相关蛋白（ASP）、α-黑素细胞刺激素（α-MSH）和 kisspeptin（KISS1）水平。还比较了胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）和与产前酒精暴露相关的神经行为障碍（ND PAE）亚组以及男性和女性的激素水平。我们发现受影响个体与对照组之间以及 FASD 亚组之间测试的激素水平没有差异。此外，性别对激素水平没有影响。然而，我们确定了一些激素浓度与描述 FASD 患者临床状况的参数之间的关联。其中大多数与 ASP 有关，ASP 与年龄呈正相关，与食欲和代谢相关的激素如前阿黑皮素原（POMC）和促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）也呈正相关。我们还发现 α-MSH 与年龄、BMI 百分位和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）呈负相关。此外，我们发现 NPY 与 HbA1c 呈弱负相关。尽管 FASD 与儿童生长发育受损有关，包括营养和青春期开始，但我们没有发现研究中激素水平的差异，这可能表明产前酒精暴露不会影响这些代谢物的水平。
