Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland.
State Agency for Prevention of Alcohol-Related Problems, 02-326 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 15;18(14):7526. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147526.
(1) Background: Considerable prevalence in Poland and serious health consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure indicated the need to develop national guidelines for the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). It was assumed that the guidelines must be in line with international standards but adjusted to the Polish context. (2) Methods: Work on recommendations was carried out by an interdisciplinary team of Polish specialists. Its first stage was to assess the usefulness in our country of the U.S. and Canadian guidelines. In the second stage, after several rounds of discussions, a consensus was achieved. (3) Results: The Polish guidelines for diagnosing FASD cover the following issues: 1. distinguished diagnostic categories; 2. diagnostic procedure; 3. assessment of prenatal exposure to alcohol; 4. assessment of sentinel facial dysmorphias; 5. assessment of body weight, height, and head circumference; 6. neurodevelopmental assessment. An important element of the recommendation is appendices containing practical tools that are useful in the diagnostic procedure. (4) Conclusions: National guidelines may improve the quality and standardization of FASD diagnosis in Poland, but their practical utility has to be monitored.
(1) 背景：波兰存在相当高的患病率，且产前酒精暴露会导致严重的健康后果，这表明有必要制定波兰国内的胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）诊断指南。这些指南需要符合国际标准，并根据波兰国情进行调整。(2) 方法：波兰专家组成的跨学科团队负责制定相关建议。其工作的第一阶段是评估美国和加拿大指南在我国的实用性。第二阶段，经过几轮讨论，达成了共识。(3) 结果：波兰 FASD 诊断指南涵盖以下内容：1. 明确的诊断类别；2. 诊断程序；3. 酒精暴露产前评估；4. 警示性面部畸形评估；5. 体重、身高和头围评估；6. 神经发育评估。建议的一个重要组成部分是附录，其中包含诊断程序中有用的实用工具。(4) 结论：国家指南可能会提高波兰 FASD 诊断的质量和标准化，但需要监测其实用性。
