Osada Edward, Owczarek-Wesołowska Magdalena, Karsznia Krzysztof, Becek Kazimierz, Muszyński Zbigniew
Faculty of Applied Studies, University of Lower Silesia, 53-611 Wroclaw, Poland.
Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-355 Wroclaw, Poland.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Sep 30;23(19):8199. doi: 10.3390/s23198199.
Surveyors are occasionally tasked to with determining the coordinates of inaccessible locations or points in civil engineering applications, ground control points for photogrammetry or LiDAR data acquisition, among others. The present work outlines and investigates a novel method for estimating the GNSS coordinates of an inaccessible location where a surveying instrument cannot be set up. The procedure is based on the well-known surveying intersection method and data extracted from an Earth Gravity Model (e.g., EGM 2008). The location's coordinates are obtained from the least-squares adjustment of the angles and distances measured from at least two sites to the unknown point using a total station, within the framework of the Gauss-Helmert method. Field tests confirmed that the accuracy of the determined coordinates of the inaccessible point is at the level of 1 cm. The proposed method bypasses standard coordinate transformation steps performed with the traditional approach, directly producing geocentric coordinates of the unknown points.
在土木工程应用中，测量员偶尔会接到确定无法到达的位置或点的坐标的任务，例如摄影测量或激光雷达数据采集的地面控制点等。本研究概述并研究了一种用于估计无法设置测量仪器的无法到达位置的全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）坐标的新方法。该程序基于著名的测量交会法以及从地球重力模型（如EGM 2008）中提取的数据。在高斯-赫尔默特方法的框架内，使用全站仪从至少两个站点测量到未知点的角度和距离，并通过最小二乘平差获得该位置的坐标。现场测试证实，所确定的无法到达点的坐标精度在1厘米级别。所提出的方法绕过了传统方法中执行的标准坐标转换步骤，直接生成未知点的地心坐标。
