Arch Suicide Res. 2024 Jul-Sep;28(3):760-778. doi: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2262532. Epub 2023 Oct 14.
An estimated 41,000 lives are lost to suicide each year in World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region Office (WHO EMRO) countries. The objective of this study was to conduct a situation analysis for suicide and self-harm in the WHO EMRO region.
Data on suicide were obtained from the WHO Global Health Estimates for the years 2000-2019. Information on risk groups efforts to prevent self-harm and suicide in the EMRO region were retrieved through scientific studies, grey literature, and public websites.
During 2000-2019, the age-standardized suicide rate was 6.7 per 100,000 inhabitants, albeit there are concerns regarding data quality. Self-harm and suicide remain criminal acts in more than half of the countries. Few countries have a national plan for prevention of suicide. Toxic agents, such as pesticides and black henna, are easily available and frequently used for suicide in some areas, as are firearms and self-immolation. Successful prevention measures include means restriction and psychosocial interventions after self-harm.
Many WHO EMRO countries remain underserved in terms of mental health care. Decriminalization of suicide and means restriction might be further promoted. Online-based tools for mental health literacy and psychosocial therapy are other options to explore.
据世界卫生组织东地中海区域办事处（世卫组织东地中海区域办事处）估计，每年有 41000 人死于自杀。本研究的目的是对世卫组织东地中海区域的自杀和自残情况进行分析。
自杀数据来自世卫组织 2000-2019 年全球卫生估计数。通过科学研究、灰色文献和公共网站检索了东地中海区域预防自残和自杀的风险群体的信息。
2000-2019 年，标准化自杀率为每 10 万人 6.7 人，但数据质量令人担忧。在一半以上的国家，自残和自杀仍然是犯罪行为。很少有国家有预防自杀的国家计划。在一些地区，农药和黑色指甲花等有毒物质以及枪支和自焚经常被用于自杀，而且很容易获得。成功的预防措施包括限制手段和对自残后的心理干预。
许多世卫组织东地中海区域的国家在精神卫生保健方面仍得不到充分服务。可能进一步促进自杀非刑罪化和限制手段。基于网络的心理健康知识和心理治疗工具是另一种可供探索的选择。
