SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India.
SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2023 Dec 5;960:176089. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176089. Epub 2023 Oct 13.
Diabetes and its complications are increasing worldwide in the working population as well as in elders. Prolonged hyperglycemia results in damage to blood vessels of various tissues followed by organ damage. Hyperglycemia-induced damage in small blood vessels as in nephrons, retina, and neurons results in diabetic microvascular complications which involve nephropathy, retinopathy, and diabetic neuropathy. Additionally, damage in large blood vessels is considered as a macrovascular complication including diabetic cardiomyopathy. These long-term complications can result in organ failure and thus becomes the leading cause of diabetic-related mortality in patients. Members of the Forkhead Box O family (FOXO) are involved in various body functions including cell proliferation, metabolic processes, differentiation, autophagy, and apoptosis. Moreover, increasing shreds of evidence suggest the involvement of FOXO family members FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4, and FOXO6 in several chronic diseases including diabetes and diabetic complications. Hence, this review focuses on the role of FOXO transcription factors in the regulation of diabetic complications.
糖尿病及其并发症在工作人群和老年人中在全球范围内都在增加。长期的高血糖会导致各种组织的血管受损，进而导致器官损伤。在肾小球、视网膜和神经元等小血管中，高血糖引起的损伤会导致糖尿病微血管并发症，包括肾病、视网膜病变和糖尿病神经病变。此外，大血管损伤被认为是一种大血管并发症，包括糖尿病心肌病。这些长期并发症会导致器官衰竭，从而成为糖尿病患者相关死亡的主要原因。叉头框 O 家族（FOXO）成员参与多种身体功能，包括细胞增殖、代谢过程、分化、自噬和细胞凋亡。此外，越来越多的证据表明 FOXO 家族成员 FOXO1、FOXO3、FOXO4 和 FOXO6 参与了包括糖尿病和糖尿病并发症在内的几种慢性疾病。因此，本综述重点讨论 FOXO 转录因子在糖尿病并发症调节中的作用。
