University of A Coruña, Faculty of Physiotherap, Research Group in Psychosocial Intervention and Functional Rehabilitation, Spain.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Group or Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Arch Bronconeumol. 2023 Dec;59(12):813-820. doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2023.08.016. Epub 2023 Sep 29.
Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (PImax/PEmax) reference equations obtained in healthy people are needed to correctly interpret respiratory muscle strength. Currently, no clear cut-off points defining respiratory muscle weakness are available. We aimed to establish sex-specific reference equations for PImax/PEmax in a large sample of healthy adults and to objectively determine cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness.
A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted across 14 Spanish centres. Healthy non-smoking volunteers aged 18-80 years stratified by sex and age were recruited. PImax/PEmax were assessed using uniform methodology according to international standards. Multiple linear regressions were used to obtain reference equations. Cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness were established by using T-scores.
The final sample consisted of 610 subjects (314 females; 48 [standard deviation, SD: 17] years). Reference equations for PImax/PEmax included body mass index and a squared term of the age as independent variables for both sexes (p<0.01). Cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness based on T-scores ≥2.5 SD below the peak mean value achieved at a young age were: 62 and 83cmHO for PImax and 81 and 109cmHO for PEmax in females and males, respectively.
These reference values, based on the largest dataset collected in a European population to date using uniform methodology, help identify cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness in females and males. These data will help to better identify the presence of respiratory muscle weakness and to determine indications for interventions to improve respiratory muscle function.
需要获得健康人群的最大吸气和呼气压力（PImax/PEmax）参考方程，以正确解读呼吸肌力量。目前，尚无明确的定义呼吸肌无力的截止值。我们旨在为大量健康成年人建立 PImax/PEmax 的性别特异性参考方程，并客观确定呼吸肌无力的截止值。
这是一项多中心的横断面研究，在 14 个西班牙中心进行。按性别和年龄分层招募 18-80 岁的健康非吸烟志愿者。使用统一的方法，根据国际标准评估 PImax/PEmax。使用多元线性回归获得参考方程。使用 T 分数确定呼吸肌无力的截止值。
最终样本包括 610 名受试者（女性 314 名；48 [标准差：17] 岁）。PImax/PEmax 的参考方程包括体重指数和年龄的平方项，这是男女的独立变量（p<0.01）。基于 T 分数≥2.5 个标准差低于年轻时达到的峰值平均值的截点，女性和男性的 PImax 和 PEmax 的呼吸肌无力的截止值分别为 62 和 83cmHO，以及 81 和 109cmHO。
这些参考值是基于迄今为止使用统一方法在欧洲人群中收集的最大数据集得出的，有助于确定女性和男性呼吸肌无力的截止值。这些数据将有助于更好地识别呼吸肌无力的存在，并确定改善呼吸肌功能干预的指征。
