Komatsu Kunihiko, Sayama Takashi, Yamashita Ken-Ichiro, Takada Yoshitake
Western Region Agricultural Research Center (Kinki, Chugoku and Shikoku Regions), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 1-3-1 Sen-yu, Zentsuji, Kagawa 765-8505, Japan.
Breed Sci. 2023 Jun;73(3):322-331. doi: 10.1270/jsbbs.22098. Epub 2023 Jun 28.
To avoid crop failure because of climate change, soybean ( (L.) Merrill) cultivars adaptable to early planting are required in western Japan. Because current Japanese cultivars may not be adaptable, genetic resources with high early-planting adaptability, and their genetic information must be developed. In the present study, summer type (ST) soybeans developed for early planting were used as plant materials. We examined their phenological characteristics and short reproductive period as an indicator of early planting adaptability and performed genetic studies. Biparental quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of a representative ST cultivar revealed a principal QTL for the reproductive period duration on chromosome 11. The results of resequencing analysis suggested that circadian clock-related (soybean orthologue of ) is a candidate QTL. Additionally, all 25 early planting-adaptable germplasms evaluated in this study possessed mutant alleles in , whereas 15 conventional cultivars only had wild-type alleles. These results suggest that mutant alleles in are important genetic factors in the high adaptability to early planting of these soybeans, and thus, these alleles were acquired and accumulated in the ST soybean population.
为避免因气候变化导致作物歉收，日本西部需要适合早播的大豆（Glycine max (L.) Merrill）品种。由于目前的日本品种可能不适应，必须开发具有高早播适应性的遗传资源及其遗传信息。在本研究中，将为早播而培育的夏型（ST）大豆用作植物材料。我们研究了它们的物候特征和短生育期作为早播适应性的指标，并进行了遗传研究。对一个代表性的ST品种进行双亲数量性状基因座（QTL）分析，发现第11号染色体上存在一个控制生育期持续时间的主要QTL。重测序分析结果表明，生物钟相关基因（拟南芥的大豆直系同源基因）是一个候选QTL。此外，本研究中评估的所有25份早播适应性种质在该基因中都具有突变等位基因，而15个传统品种仅具有野生型等位基因。这些结果表明，该基因中的突变等位基因是这些大豆对早播具有高适应性的重要遗传因素，因此，这些等位基因在ST大豆群体中被获得并积累。
