Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023 Oct;27(19):9085-9090. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202310_33934.
The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and morphometry of cyamella, one of the sesamoid bones around the knee joint.
In this retrospective study, a total of 9,500 plain/digital radiographs of 6,500 patients over the age of 18 who applied to Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital between January 2021 and January 2022 were examined.
Examinations revealed cyamella in a total of 76 (0.8%) knees in the direct X-ray images of 49 (0.75%) patients. Eighteen (36.74%) of the patients with the presence of cyamella were males, and 31 (63.26%) were females. The mean age of the patients with cyamella was 50.9±12.9. Twenty-seven (55.1%) of the 49 cyamella were bilateral; seven (14.3%) were in the right knee, and 15 (30.6%) were in the left knee. The comparison of cyamella sizes between genders revealed a statistically significant difference in the transverse measurements only (p=0.015) in the right knee, while a statistically significant difference was found in all 3 parameters (p=0.032 for thickness; p=0.04 for transverse; p=0.026 for length) in the left knee.
We believe that sufficient knowledge regarding the prevalence and distribution of cyamella in patients presenting with the complaint of knee pain and its differentiation from fabella, another sesamoid bone in the same region, as well as other anatomical structures, will aid an early and accurate diagnosis.
本研究旨在确定膝周籽骨之一——豆状骨的流行率和形态计量学。
在这项回顾性研究中，对 2021 年 1 月至 2022 年 1 月期间到 Elazig Fethi Sekin 城市医院就诊的年龄在 18 岁以上的 6500 名患者中的 9500 份普通/数字射线照片进行了检查。
在 49 名（0.75%）患者的直接 X 射线图像中，共发现 76 个（0.8%）膝关节存在豆状骨。存在豆状骨的 49 名患者中，18 名（36.74%）为男性，31 名（63.26%）为女性。有豆状骨的患者平均年龄为 50.9±12.9 岁。49 个豆状骨中有 27 个（55.1%）为双侧；7 个（14.3%）位于右膝，15 个（30.6%）位于左膝。对男女豆状骨大小进行比较，仅在右膝的横径测量上存在统计学差异（p=0.015），而在左膝的所有 3 个参数（厚度：p=0.032；横径：p=0.04；长度：p=0.026）上均存在统计学差异。
我们认为，充分了解膝关节疼痛患者豆状骨的流行率和分布情况，以及与同一区域的另一个籽骨——髌骨的区别，以及与其他解剖结构的区别，将有助于早期准确诊断。
