Waldman Irwin D, Poore Holly E
Emory University, Department of Psychology.
Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Molecular Neuroscience of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Training (MNADRT) Program.
J Psychopathol Clin Sci. 2023 Oct;132(7):833-846. doi: 10.1037/abn0000874.
Interest has increased in the recent literature on characterizing psychopathology dimensionally in hierarchical models. One dimension of psychopathology that has received considerable attention is externalizing. Although extensively studied and well-characterized in late adolescents and adults, delineation of the externalizing spectrum in youth has lagged behind. As a complement to structural analyses of externalizing, in this study, we use quantitative genetic analyses of twin data to adjudicate among alternative models of youth externalizing that differ in granularity. Specifically, we compared model fit, estimates of genetic and environmental influences on the externalizing dimension, and the average, variability, and precision of genetic and environmental influences on individual symptoms due to the externalizing dimension, specific symptom dimensions, and unique etiological influences. Given that none of these criteria are definitive on their own, we looked to the confluence of these criteria to exclude particular models while highlighting others as leading contenders. We analyzed parent-report data on 38 externalizing symptoms from a population-representative, ethnically diverse sample of 883 youth twin pairs (51% female), who were on average 8.5 years old. Although models including an externalizing composite and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder diagnoses and symptom dimensions showed similar heritability to latent variable models of externalizing, models that included latent dimensions of externalizing and more fine-grained symptom dimensions fit better and were more balanced in the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on individual symptoms due to the externalizing dimension and specific symptom dimensions. Pending replication, these more granular and elaborated model(s) can be useful for advancing research on causes and outcomes of youth externalizing and its fine-grained specific components. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
最近关于在层次模型中对精神病理学进行维度表征的文献中，人们的兴趣有所增加。精神病理学的一个维度——外化，受到了相当多的关注。尽管在外青少年和成年人中对外化进行了广泛研究且特征明确，但青少年外化谱的界定却滞后了。作为对外化结构分析的补充，在本研究中，我们使用双胞胎数据的定量遗传分析来评判不同粒度的青少年外化替代模型。具体而言，我们比较了模型拟合度、遗传和环境对外化维度的影响估计，以及由于外化维度、特定症状维度和独特病因影响而导致的遗传和环境对个体症状影响的平均值、变异性和精度。鉴于这些标准本身都不是决定性的，我们寻求这些标准的融合来排除特定模型，同时突出其他模型作为主要竞争者。我们分析了来自883对青少年双胞胎（51%为女性）的具有代表性、种族多样的样本的父母报告数据，这些双胞胎平均年龄为8.5岁，涉及38种外化症状。尽管包括外化综合症状以及注意力缺陷多动障碍、对立违抗障碍和品行障碍诊断及症状维度的模型显示出与外化潜在变量模型相似的遗传度，但包括外化潜在维度和更细粒度症状维度的模型拟合得更好，并且在遗传和环境对外化维度和特定症状维度导致的个体症状影响的大小方面更加平衡。在等待重复验证的情况下，这些更细化和详细的模型可用于推进对青少年外化及其细粒度特定成分的原因和结果的研究。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2023美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
