Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Ege University, Erzene Mah, 35030, Bornova/Izmir, Turkey.
Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Sağlık Bilimleri University, Ankara, Turkey.
Clin Oral Investig. 2023 Nov;27(11):6915-6924. doi: 10.1007/s00784-023-05308-4. Epub 2023 Oct 16.
This study aimed to evaluate social smile asymmetry in patients with unilateral impacted maxillary canine on 3D stereophotogrammetric images.
The 3D social smile images of participants with unilateral impacted maxillary canine (n:20) and without impaction as a control group (n:20) were included. The images were recorded with a hand-held 3D stereophotogrammetry device (Fuel3D® Scanify®) and Geomagic Essentials 2 reverse engineering software were used for analyses. After the orientation process of the 3D records, the tissues around the smile area were divided into five morphological regions: cheek, upper lip lateral and medial, and lower lip lateral and medial. The deviation margins in the negative and positive directions for the 95% mesh rate and the total percentages of meshes between - 0.5- and + 0.5-mm deviations were calculated. ICC, paired samples t test, independent samples t test, and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analyses.
In individuals with impacted canine, the amount of maximum positive deviation in the upper lip medial was 5.64 mm ± 1.46 and maximum negative deviation was - 4.6 mm ± 1.17. In the control group, mean of deviation limits for all parameters was less than 1.19 mm ± 2.62, while in individuals with unilateral impacted maxillary canine, the maximum value was 8.34 mm ± 2.23. The mesh percentage between - 0.5 and 0.5-mm deviations was over 95% in all morphological areas in the control group, while in the impacted canine group, the number of meshes within the specified deviation limits was less than 95%.
Individuals with unilateral impacted maxillary canine exhibit greater asymmetry in social smile compared to the control group, with the asymmetry being most prominent near the corners of the mouth and cheeks.
Amount of asymmetry was higher in impaction group compared to the control group in social smile. The quantification of a possible smile asymmetry due to the impacted canine is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic and/or orthognathic cases for ideal aesthetic results. Hence, smile asymmetry should not be overlooked and should be considered in diagnosis and treatment planning.
本研究旨在通过 3D 体视摄影图像评估单侧上颌尖牙埋伏患者的社交微笑不对称。
本研究纳入了单侧上颌尖牙埋伏患者（n=20）和无埋伏作为对照组（n=20）的 3D 社交微笑图像。使用手持 3D 体视摄影设备（Fuel3D® Scanify®）进行图像记录，并使用 Geomagic Essentials 2 逆向工程软件进行分析。在 3D 记录的定向过程之后，微笑区域周围的组织被分为五个形态区域：脸颊、上唇外侧和内侧、下唇外侧和内侧。计算了 95%网格率的负向和正向偏差边缘以及-0.5 至+0.5mm 偏差范围内的总网格百分比。使用 ICC、配对样本 t 检验、独立样本 t 检验和曼-惠特尼 U 检验进行统计学分析。
在埋伏尖牙患者中，上唇内侧的最大正偏差量为 5.64mm±1.46，最大负偏差量为-4.6mm±1.17。在对照组中，所有参数的偏差限值平均值均小于 1.19mm±2.62，而单侧上颌尖牙埋伏患者的最大偏差值为 8.34mm±2.23。在对照组的所有形态区域中，网格百分比在-0.5 至 0.5mm 偏差范围内均超过 95%，而在埋伏尖牙组中，指定偏差范围内的网格数量小于 95%。
与对照组相比，单侧上颌尖牙埋伏患者的社交微笑不对称性更大，不对称性在口角和脸颊附近最为明显。
与对照组相比，埋伏组在社交微笑中存在更大的不对称性。由于埋伏尖牙导致的微笑不对称程度的量化对于正畸和/或正颌治疗计划的诊断和治疗计划至关重要，以达到理想的美学效果。因此，微笑不对称不应被忽视，应在诊断和治疗计划中考虑。
