Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
Biofabrication. 2023 Nov 6;16(1). doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad03be.
Generating functional and perfusable micro-vascular networks is an important goal for the fabrication of large and three-dimensional tissues. Up to now, the fabrication of micro-vascular networks is a complicated multitask involving several different factors such as time consuming, cells survival, micro-diameter vasculature and strict alignment. Here, we propose a technique combining multi-material extrusion and ultrasound standing wave forces to create a network structure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells within a mixture of calcium alginate and decellularized extracellular matrix. The functionality of the matured microvasculature networks was demonstrated through the enhancement of cell-cell adhesion, angiogenesis process, and perfusion tests with microparticles, FITC-dextran, and whole mouse blood. Moreover, animal experiments exhibited the implantability including that the pre-existing blood vessels of the host sprout towards the preformed vessels of the scaffold over time and the microvessels inside the implanted scaffold matured from empty tubular structures to functional blood-carrying microvessels in two weeks.
生成功能性和可灌注的微血管网络是制造大尺寸三维组织的重要目标。到目前为止，微血管网络的制造是一个复杂的多任务过程，涉及多个不同的因素，如耗时、细胞存活率、微管径血管和严格的对齐。在这里，我们提出了一种结合多材料挤压和超声驻波力的技术，在藻酸钙和脱细胞细胞外基质的混合物中创建人脐静脉内皮细胞的网络结构。通过增强细胞间黏附、血管生成过程以及用微球、FITC-葡聚糖和全鼠血进行灌注测试，证明了成熟的微血管网络的功能。此外，动物实验显示了可植入性，包括随着时间的推移，宿主的现有血管向支架的预先形成的血管生长，以及植入支架内的微血管从空管状结构成熟为具有功能的携血微血管。
