Lin Shi-Qi, Li Jia-Jia, Shang Xue-Jun, Pei Li-Jun
Institute of Population Research / Peking University Center for Population Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine / General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China.
Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2022 Dec;28(12):1059-1064.
To explore the interactive effect of chemical fertilizer exposure and drinking untreated water during pregnancy on the risk of birth defects.
The data were collected from a population-based birth surveillance system in Pingding County, Shanxi Province, from 2007 to 2012. Totally, 157 cases of birth defects were followed up and 204 healthy newborns taken as controls. The additive model and relative excess risk of interaction (RERI) were used to evaluate the interactive effect of chemical fertilizer exposure and drinking untreated water during pregnancy on the risk of birth defects.
After adjusted for potential confounding factors, mothers living in villages with ≥ 65 ton/year chemical fertilizer application and drinking untreated water, as from deep underground, cellars, mountain spring, rivers, lakes or ponds, showed a higher risk of birth defects than those living in villages with <65 ton/year chemical fertilizer application and drinking tap or purified water (aOR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.11－4.07). A strengthened interaction was observed between the annual application of chemical fertilizer at the village level and drinking untreated water (RERI = 2.08, 95% CI: 0.23－3.92, P < 0.05).
The pollution of drinking water may be an important pathway for chemical fertilizer exposure affecting birth outcomes.
探讨孕期接触化肥与饮用未处理水对出生缺陷风险的交互作用。
数据收集自山西省平定县2007年至2012年基于人群的出生监测系统。共随访了157例出生缺陷病例，并选取204例健康新生儿作为对照。采用相加模型和交互作用相对超额危险度（RERI）评估孕期接触化肥与饮用未处理水对出生缺陷风险的交互作用。
在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，居住在每年化肥施用量≥65吨的村庄且饮用来自深层地下水、地窖、山泉、河流、湖泊或池塘等未处理水的母亲，其出生缺陷风险高于居住在每年化肥施用量<65吨的村庄且饮用自来水或净化水的母亲（调整后比值比 = 2.12，95%可信区间：1.11－4.07）。观察到村级化肥年施用量与饮用未处理水之间存在增强的交互作用（RERI = 2.08，95%可信区间：0.23－3.92，P < 0.05）。
饮用水污染可能是化肥接触影响出生结局的重要途径。
