Evolution, Infection and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, MA, UK.
Faculty of Humanities, Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, MA, UK.
Dev Psychopathol. 2024 Oct;36(4):1789-1809. doi: 10.1017/S0954579423001165. Epub 2023 Oct 18.
Resilience, the capacity to maintain or regain functionality in the face of adversity, is a dynamic process influenced by individual, familial, and community factors. Despite its variability, distinct resilience trajectories can be identified within populations, yet the predictors defining these distinct groups remains largely unclear. Here, using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ages 0-18), we quantify resilience as the remaining variance in psychosocial functioning after taking into account the exposure to adversity. Growth mixture modeling identified seven distinct resilience trajectories, with over half of the study population maintaining resilience throughout early life. Factors increasing the likelihood of resilient trajectory membership included a less emotional temperament, high cognitive abilities, high self-esteem, low levels of autistic social traits, strong sibling relationships, high maternal care, and positive school experiences. Among the socioeconomic factors considered, maternal education - a significant indicator of socioeconomic status - and birth-order were associated with resilient trajectories. Our findings underscore the importance of fostering cognitive abilities, self-esteem, social relationships, positive school experiences, and extracurricular engagement to bolster resilience in adversity-exposed individuals and communities. This research informs resilience-focused interventions in mental health, education, and social policy sectors, and prompts further exploration of socioeconomic influences on resilience trajectories.
韧性，即在逆境中保持或恢复功能的能力，是一个受个体、家庭和社区因素影响的动态过程。尽管存在变异性，但在人群中可以识别出不同的韧性轨迹，然而，定义这些不同群体的预测因素仍不清楚。在这里，我们使用来自阿冯纵向研究父母和孩子（年龄 0-18 岁）的数据，将韧性定义为在考虑到逆境暴露后，心理社会功能的剩余方差。增长混合物建模确定了七个不同的韧性轨迹，超过一半的研究人群在整个早期生活中保持韧性。增加韧性轨迹成员可能性的因素包括情绪气质较低、认知能力较高、自尊心较高、自闭症社交特征水平较低、兄弟姐妹关系较强、母亲关怀度较高和积极的学校经历。在考虑的社会经济因素中，母亲的教育程度（社会经济地位的重要指标）和出生顺序与韧性轨迹有关。我们的研究结果强调了培养认知能力、自尊心、社会关系、积极的学校经历和课外活动参与度的重要性，以增强逆境中个体和社区的韧性。这项研究为心理健康、教育和社会政策领域的韧性为重点的干预措施提供了信息，并促使进一步探索社会经济因素对韧性轨迹的影响。
