Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
eNeuroLearn, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2024 Jun;31(3):979-984. doi: 10.3758/s13423-023-02396-x. Epub 2023 Oct 17.
Two main hypotheses regarding the directional flow of visual information processing in the brain have been proposed: feed-forward (bottom-up) and re-entrant (top-down). Early theories espoused feed-forward principles in which processing was said to advance from simple to increasingly complex attributes terminating at a higher area where conscious perceptions occur. That view is disconfirmed by advances in neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, which implicate re-entrant two-way signaling as the predominant form of communication between brain regions. With some notable exceptions, the notion of re-entrant processing has had a relatively modest effect on computational models of perception and cognition, which continue to be predominantly based on feed-forward or within-level re-entrant principles. In the present work we describe five sets of empirical findings that defy interpretation in terms of feed-forward or within-level re-entrant principles. We conclude by urging the adoption of psychophysical, biological, and computational models based on cross-level iterative re-entrant principles.
两种主要的假说被提出来，用于解释大脑中视觉信息处理的方向流：前馈（自下而上）和返馈（自上而下）。早期的理论支持前馈原则，即处理从简单属性推进到越来越复杂的属性，最终在更高的区域产生意识感知。然而，神经解剖学和神经生理学的进展否定了这种观点，它们暗示返馈双向信号是大脑区域之间主要的通信形式。尽管存在一些显著的例外，返馈处理的概念对感知和认知的计算模型的影响相对较小，这些模型仍然主要基于前馈或内部返馈原则。在本工作中，我们描述了五组实验结果，这些结果无法用前馈或内部返馈原则来解释。最后，我们敦促采用基于跨层次迭代返馈原则的心理物理、生物和计算模型。
