Plant Ecology, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
Biotechnology, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Nov;30(53):113119-113137. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-30260-x. Epub 2023 Oct 18.
Currently, sustainable agriculture involves ecofriendly techniques, which include biofertilization. Biofertilizers increase plant productivity by improving soil fertility and nutrient content. A wide range of living organisms can be applied as biofertilizers and increase soil fertility without causing pollution due to their biodegradability. The organisms can be microorganisms like bacteria, microalgae, and micro fungi or macro organisms like macroalgae, macro fungi, and higher plants. Biofertilizers extracted from living organisms or their residues will be increasingly used rather than chemical fertilizers, which cause heavy metal accumulation in soil. Biofertilizer use aims for sustainable development in agriculture by maintaining the soil. This will mitigate climate change and related impacts and will also lower many serious diseases resulting from pollution such as cancer, liver and renal failure, and immune diseases. This review is a comprehensive overview of biofertilizers extracted from a range of living organisms from the Kingdoms Monera to Plantae and included bacteria, algae, fungi, and higher plants. Organisms that play a vital role in elevating soil nutrients in a safe, cheap, and ecofriendly manner are included in the review to promote their potential commercial application.
目前，可持续农业涉及环保技术，其中包括生物肥料。生物肥料通过改善土壤肥力和养分含量来提高植物的生产力。广泛的生物可以作为生物肥料，由于其可生物降解性，在不造成污染的情况下增加土壤肥力。这些生物可以是细菌、微藻和微生物等微生物，也可以是大型藻类、大型真菌和高等植物等大型生物。从生物体或其残留物中提取的生物肥料将越来越多地被使用，而不是化学肥料，因为化学肥料会导致土壤中重金属积累。生物肥料的使用旨在通过维持土壤来实现农业的可持续发展。这将缓解气候变化及其相关影响，还将降低许多由污染引起的严重疾病，如癌症、肝肾功能衰竭和免疫疾病。本综述是对从原核生物到植物界的一系列生物体中提取的生物肥料的综合概述，包括细菌、藻类、真菌和高等植物。本综述中包括了在以安全、廉价和环保的方式提高土壤养分方面发挥重要作用的生物体，以促进其潜在的商业应用。
