Nematollahi Pardis, Arabi Sina, Mansourian Marjan, Yousefian Saeed, Moafi Alireza, Mostafavi Sayed Nassereddin, Naeini Amirmansour Alavi, Ebrahimi Afshin, Ebrahimpour Karim, Amin Mohammad Mehdi, Kavosh Aryan, Radfar Niayesh, Naimi Azar, Kelishadi Roya
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2023 Aug 28;14:103. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_348_22. eCollection 2023.
Acute leukemia is the most common type of malignancy in children, and no major environmental risk factors have been identified relating to its pathogenesis. This study has been conducted with the aim for identifying risk factors associated with this disease.
This study was conducted in 2016-2020 among children aged <15 years residing in Isfahan Province, Iran. Children with newly diagnosed Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, including Acute myeloid leukemia (ALL and AML) were considered a case group. The control group was selected among children hospitalized in orthopedic and surgery wards in the same region. Demographic data, parental occupational exposures and educational level, maternal obstetric history, type of feeding during infancy and parental smoking habits, exposure to pesticides, and hydrocarbons besides dietary habits (using a food frequency questionnaire) were evaluated.
Overall, 497 children (195 cases and 302 controls) completed the survey. In the initial analysis, there was no significant difference between case and control groups about type of milk feeding ( = 0.34) or parental age ( = 0.56); however, an association between mothers' education and increased risk for ALL was observed ( = 0.02).
The results of this study can be helpful in better understanding the environmental risk factors involved in the incidence of acute leukemia. Future publications based on the analysis of the database created in the present study can lead to recognizing these factors. In addition, evaluating the effect of these factors on treatment outcomes is an important step in reducing the burden of the disease.
急性白血病是儿童中最常见的恶性肿瘤类型，尚未发现与发病机制相关的主要环境风险因素。本研究旨在确定与该疾病相关的风险因素。
本研究于2016 - 2020年在伊朗伊斯法罕省居住的15岁以下儿童中进行。新诊断为急性淋巴细胞白血病，包括急性髓细胞白血病（ALL和AML）的儿童被视为病例组。对照组从同一地区骨科和外科病房住院儿童中选取。评估了人口统计学数据、父母职业暴露和教育水平、母亲产科病史、婴儿期喂养类型和父母吸烟习惯、接触杀虫剂和碳氢化合物情况以及饮食习惯（使用食物频率问卷）。
总体而言，497名儿童（195例病例和302名对照）完成了调查。在初步分析中，病例组和对照组在母乳喂养类型（P = 0.34）或父母年龄（P = 0.56）方面无显著差异；然而，观察到母亲教育程度与ALL风险增加之间存在关联（P = 0.02）。
本研究结果有助于更好地理解急性白血病发病中涉及的环境风险因素。基于本研究创建的数据库分析的未来出版物可能会识别这些因素。此外，评估这些因素对治疗结果的影响是减轻疾病负担的重要一步。
