Evan Stephanie, Brioude Jerome, Rosenlof Karen H, Gao Ru-Shan, Portmann Robert W, Zhu Yunqian, Volkamer Rainer, Lee Christopher F, Metzger Jean-Marc, Lamy Kevin, Walter Paul, Alvarez Sergio L, Flynn James H, Asher Elizabeth, Todt Michael, Davis Sean M, Thornberry Troy, Vömel Holger, Wienhold Frank G, Stauffer Ryan M, Millán Luis, Santee Michelle L, Froidevaux Lucien, Read William G
Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones (LACy), UMR8105, CNRS, Université de La Réunion, Météo-France, Saint-Denis, France.
NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA.
Science. 2023 Oct 20;382(6668):eadg2551. doi: 10.1126/science.adg2551.
The eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano on 15 January 2022 offered a good opportunity to explore the early impacts of tropical volcanic eruptions on stratospheric composition. Balloon-borne observations near Réunion Island revealed the unprecedented amount of water vapor injected by the volcano. The enhanced stratospheric humidity, radiative cooling, and expanded aerosol surface area in the volcanic plume created the ideal conditions for swift ozone depletion of 5% in the tropical stratosphere in just 1 week. The decrease in hydrogen chloride by 0.4 parts per million by volume (ppbv) and the increase in chlorine monoxide by 0.4 ppbv provided compelling evidence for chlorine activation within the volcanic plume. This study enhances our understanding of the effect of this unusual volcanic eruption on stratospheric chemistry and provides insights into possible chemistry changes that may occur in a changing climate.
2022年1月15日汤加洪阿哈阿帕伊岛火山喷发为探索热带火山喷发对平流层成分的早期影响提供了一个绝佳机会。留尼汪岛附近的气球观测揭示了该火山注入的前所未有的水汽量。火山羽流中平流层湿度增加、辐射冷却以及气溶胶表面积扩大，为热带平流层在短短1周内迅速出现5%的臭氧消耗创造了理想条件。氯化氢体积分数下降0.4 ppmv（百万分之一体积分数）以及一氧化氯增加0.4 ppmv，为火山羽流内氯的活化提供了有力证据。这项研究增进了我们对这次异常火山喷发对平流层化学影响的理解，并为在气候变化中可能发生的化学变化提供了见解。
