Bano Sadia, Alam M Kamran, Khan Aamir, Saqib Abdul Baseer
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan.
Department of Mathematics, Nangrahar University, Jalalabad, Nangrahar, Afghanistan.
Sci Rep. 2023 Oct 19;13(1):17809. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-42734-6.
This article explores the influence of Joule heating and viscous dissipation on the unsteady three-dimensional squeezing flow of Newtonian fluid. The flow in a rotating channel with a lower stretched permeable wall is observed under the influence of a uniform magnetic field. The impact of thermal radiation is also considered. The effects of mass and heat transfer on the squeezing flow of Newtonian fluids are observed and modelled using the four fundamental governing equations of fluid flow: the mass equation, momentum equation, concentration equation, and energy equation. Using the appropriate similarity transformations, the resultant non-linear partial differential equations are then transformed into ordinary differential equations. The analytical strategy is developed using the homotopy analysis method to obtain the series solution. The influence of several physical parameters, including the squeezing parameter, the suction parameter, the magnetic number, the rotation parameter, the Eckert number, the Prandtl number, the Dufour number, the Soret number, the radiation parameter, and the Schmidt number, on the velocity profile, energy, and concentration are also discussed through graphs. Additionally, it is observed that enhancing the top plate's squeezing impact causes a rise in the velocity profile while lowering the temperature and concentration distribution. It is also found that for the velocity field, increasing the magnetic number shows a decrease in the value of the velocity field along the y- and z-axis, whereas the velocity field along the x-axis exhibits dual behavior, such that it initially falls as the magnetic number intensifies but starts to rise in the upper region of the channel. The impact of the Dufour, Soret, and Eckert numbers on temperature and concentration distribution is also studied. It is found that while these numbers directly affect the temperature distribution, the mass distribution follows the opposite trend. Also, it is noticed that the thermal radiation parameter is an increasing function of temperature and mass distribution. Further, graphs and tables are presented to illustrate an error analysis.
本文探讨了焦耳热和粘性耗散对牛顿流体非定常三维挤压流动的影响。在均匀磁场的影响下，观察了具有较低拉伸渗透壁的旋转通道中的流动。还考虑了热辐射的影响。利用流体流动的四个基本控制方程：质量方程、动量方程、浓度方程和能量方程，观察并模拟了质量和热传递对牛顿流体挤压流动的影响。通过适当的相似变换，将所得的非线性偏微分方程转化为常微分方程。采用同伦分析法制定解析策略以获得级数解。还通过图表讨论了包括挤压参数、抽吸参数、磁数、旋转参数、埃克特数、普朗特数、杜福尔数、索雷特数、辐射参数和施密特数在内的几个物理参数对速度分布、能量和浓度的影响。此外，观察到增强顶板的挤压作用会导致速度分布上升，同时降低温度和浓度分布。还发现，对于速度场，增加磁数会使沿y轴和z轴的速度场值减小，而沿x轴的速度场表现出双重行为，即随着磁数增强，它最初会下降，但在通道的上部区域开始上升。还研究了杜福尔数、索雷特数和埃克特数对温度和浓度分布的影响。发现虽然这些数直接影响温度分布，但质量分布呈现相反的趋势。此外，注意到热辐射参数是温度和质量分布的增函数。此外，还给出了图表和表格来说明误差分析。
