剖析年轻人中的正食癖：强迫行为、完美主义和自尊的作用。

Profiling orthorexia nervosa in young adults: the role of obsessive behaviour, perfectionism, and self-esteem.

作者信息

Mahfoud Daniella, Pardini Susanna, Mróz Magdalena, Hallit Souheil, Obeid Sahar, Akel Marwan, Novara Caterina, Brytek-Matera Anna

机构信息

Eye N' Brain Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.

Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131, Padua, Italy.

出版信息

J Eat Disord. 2023 Oct 19;11(1):188. doi: 10.1186/s40337-023-00915-8.

DOI:10.1186/s40337-023-00915-8

PMID:37858264

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10588191/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is a relatively new potential eating disorder characterized by an intense fixation on one's eating habits and the imposition of rigid and inflexible rules on oneself. Psychological factors such as obsessive-compulsive tendencies, perfectionism and self-esteem may interact in complex ways and contribute to the development and maintenance of ON.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study included 977 participants from Italy, Lebanon, and Poland. Participants completed a questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic information, the Eating Habits Questionnaire, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44, Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Cluster analysis was used to identify subgroups of individuals with common psychological characteristics associated with ON.

RESULTS

Three distinct clusters were identified based on their levels of obsession-compulsive beliefs, perfectionism, and self-esteem. The first group, labeled "High Self-Mastery," consisted of 37.0% of participants and exhibited low levels of obsession-compulsion, obsessive beliefs, and perfectionism, but high self-esteem. The second group, "Moderate Self-Mastery," comprised 39.5% of participants and had moderate levels of these traits. The third group, "Low Self-Mastery," consisted of 23.6% of participants and exhibited the highest levels of obsession-compulsion, obsessive beliefs, and perfectionism, but the lowest self-esteem. Additionally, a multivariable analysis revealed that being Lebanese (Beta = 3.39) and belonging to the last cluster (Beta = 4.53) were significantly associated with higher ON tendencies.

CONCLUSION

Our findings show that individuals with low self-mastery, characterized by low self-esteem and high levels of obsessive perfectionism, are more likely to exhibit ON tendencies. This study emphasizes the need to have a comprehensive understanding of how cultural and psychological factors interact in the development of eating disorders.

摘要

背景

正食癖（ON）是一种相对较新的潜在饮食失调症，其特征是对个人饮食习惯的强烈执着以及对自己施加严格且僵化的规则。诸如强迫倾向、完美主义和自尊等心理因素可能以复杂的方式相互作用，并促成正食癖的发展和维持。

方法

这项横断面研究纳入了来自意大利、黎巴嫩和波兰的977名参与者。参与者完成了一份问卷，内容包括社会人口统计学信息、饮食习惯问卷、强迫观念与行为量表、强迫信念问卷 - 44、多维完美主义量表和罗森伯格自尊量表。聚类分析用于识别与正食癖相关的具有共同心理特征的个体亚组。

结果

根据强迫信念、完美主义和自尊水平，识别出三个不同的聚类。第一组标记为“高自我掌控”，占参与者的37.0%，表现出低水平的强迫、强迫信念和完美主义，但自尊水平高。第二组“中等自我掌控”，占参与者的39.5%，这些特质水平中等。第三组“低自我掌控”，占参与者的23.6%，表现出最高水平的强迫、强迫信念和完美主义，但自尊水平最低。此外，多变量分析显示，黎巴嫩人（β = 3.39）以及属于最后一个聚类（β = 4.53）与更高的正食癖倾向显著相关。