Buahom Juthamas, Siripornadulsil Surasak, Sukon Peerapol, Sooksawat Treerat, Siripornadulsil Wilailak
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand.
Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Vet World. 2023 Sep;16(9):1849-1865. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1849-1865. Epub 2023 Sep 17.
Many strains of probiotics have been exploited and used as animal dietary supplements for broiler production. The efficacy and survival of probiotics during production may reflect better activities of the probiotics in the host. This study investigated the effects of freeze- and spray-drying on the survivability and properties of probiotics and their ability to improve the growth and health performance of broilers.
Probiotic powders of four strains of lactic acid bacteria, CA4, CH33, CH24, SH8, and KKU213, were prepared using rice bran/chitosan/carboxy methyl cellulose as the carrier. The survival of each probiotic strain was investigated under stress conditions, including freeze-drying, spray-drying, and simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The body weight gain (BWG) and intestinal histomorphology were determined to assess broiler growth performance.
All dried probiotics yielded a high survival rate during freeze-drying (95.8-98.6%) and spray-drying (94.4-98.2%). In addition, an analysis of the main effect revealed that the effectiveness of freeze-drying was higher than that of spray-drying in minimizing the loss of cell viability. The antimicrobial activity of all immobilized dried probiotic strains against was maintained. The immobilized probiotics tolerated a low pH value of 2.0 and 0.5% (w/v) bile salt. Probiotic administration of a mixture of the five dried probiotics to 1-day-old hatched male broilers at early and late ages resulted in potential colonization in the broiler intestine, and enhancements in the BWG, lipid metabolism, and gut health (villus height and cryptal depth) were observed in the probiotic-treated groups.
The administration of three doses of the spray-dried probiotic mixture at days 15, 17, and 19 after hatching was sufficient to achieve long-term growth and health benefits in broilers. This finding might provide a cost-effective alternative to the administration of commonly used antibiotics in broiler production.
许多益生菌菌株已被开发并用作肉鸡生产的动物膳食补充剂。益生菌在生产过程中的功效和存活率可能反映了其在宿主体内更好的活性。本研究调查了冷冻干燥和喷雾干燥对益生菌的存活率、特性及其改善肉鸡生长和健康性能能力的影响。
以米糠/壳聚糖/羧甲基纤维素为载体，制备了四株乳酸菌（CA4、CH33、CH24、SH8和KKU213）的益生菌粉末。在包括冷冻干燥、喷雾干燥和模拟胃肠道条件在内的应激条件下，研究了各益生菌菌株的存活率。测定体重增加（BWG）和肠道组织形态学以评估肉鸡生长性能。
所有干燥后的益生菌在冷冻干燥（95.8 - 98.6%）和喷雾干燥（94.4 - 98.2%）过程中均有较高的存活率。此外，主效应分析表明，在使细胞活力损失最小化方面，冷冻干燥的效果高于喷雾干燥。所有固定化干燥益生菌菌株对……的抗菌活性得以保持。固定化益生菌能耐受2.0的低pH值和0.5%（w/v）的胆盐。在肉鸡早期和晚期向1日龄孵化雄性肉鸡施用五种干燥益生菌的混合物，导致其在肉鸡肠道中潜在定植，并且在益生菌处理组中观察到BWG、脂质代谢和肠道健康（绒毛高度和隐窝深度）得到改善。
在孵化后第15、17和19天施用三剂喷雾干燥益生菌混合物足以使肉鸡获得长期的生长和健康益处。这一发现可能为肉鸡生产中常用抗生素的施用提供一种经济有效的替代方案。
