Moore A S, Schlossberg D J, Appelbe B D, Chandler G A, Crilly A J, Eckart M J, Forrest C J, Glebov V Y, Grim G P, Hartouni E P, Hatarik R, Kerr S M, Kilkenny J, Knauer J P
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551-0808, USA.
Centre for Inertial Fusion Studies, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2023 Jun 1;94(6). doi: 10.1063/5.0133655.
Neutrons generated in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) experiments provide valuable information to interpret the conditions reached in the plasma. The neutron time-of-flight (nToF) technique is well suited for measuring the neutron energy spectrum due to the short time (100 ps) over which neutrons are typically emitted in ICF experiments. By locating detectors 10s of meters from the source, the neutron energy spectrum can be measured to high precision. We present a contextual review of the current state of the art in nToF detectors at ICF facilities in the United States, outlining the physics that can be measured, the detector technologies currently deployed and analysis techniques used.
惯性约束聚变（ICF）实验中产生的中子为解释等离子体达到的条件提供了有价值的信息。中子飞行时间（nToF）技术非常适合测量中子能谱，因为在ICF实验中，中子通常在很短的时间（100皮秒）内发射。通过将探测器放置在距离源几十米的位置，可以高精度地测量中子能谱。我们对美国ICF设施中nToF探测器的当前技术水平进行了背景综述，概述了可以测量的物理量、目前部署的探测器技术以及所使用的分析技术。
