Patterson K, Kapur S, Chandra R S
Pediatr Pathol. 1986;5(3-4):353-62. doi: 10.3109/15513818609068861.
Brain heterotopias are rare congenital malformations embryologically related to encephaloceles. They present as a mass in or about the nose (nasal glioma) or in the nasopharynx. We present the clinical and pathological features of 5 cases of heterotopic brain tissue. Four nasal gliomas consisted of mature neuroglial tissue, including neurons in 2 cases, embedded in a fibrovascular stroma. A nasopharyngeal brain heterotopia showed histologic features of mature neuroglial tissue including neurons and ependymal-lined cystic structures. The finding of mature neuroglial tissue in a mass from the head and neck region raises three differential diagnostic possibilities: teratoma, encephalocele, or heterotopic tissue. A teratoma can be ruled out by examination of the entire specimen. Encephaloceles and brain heterotopias can be distinguished only after correlation with the patient's clinical and radiologic findings.
脑异位是一种罕见的先天性畸形，在胚胎学上与脑膨出相关。它们表现为鼻腔内或周围（鼻胶质瘤）或鼻咽部的肿块。我们展示了5例异位脑组织的临床和病理特征。4例鼻胶质瘤由成熟的神经胶质组织组成，其中2例含有神经元，包埋于纤维血管间质中。1例鼻咽部脑异位表现出成熟神经胶质组织的组织学特征，包括神经元和室管膜衬里的囊性结构。在头颈部区域肿块中发现成熟神经胶质组织会引发三种鉴别诊断可能：畸胎瘤、脑膨出或异位组织。通过检查整个标本可排除畸胎瘤。只有将患者的临床和影像学表现与之关联后，才能区分脑膨出和脑异位。
