University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Am Surg. 2024 Apr;90(4):541-549. doi: 10.1177/00031348231209524. Epub 2023 Oct 20.
Artificial intelligence (AI) holds significant potential in medical education and patient care, but its rapid emergence presents ethical and practical challenges. This study explored the perspectives of surgical residents on AI's role in medicine.
We performed a cross-sectional study surveying general surgery residents at a university-affiliated teaching hospital about their views on AI in medicine and surgical training. The survey covered demographics, residents' understanding of AI, its integration into medical practice, and use of AI tools like ChatGPT. The survey design was inspired by a recent national survey and underwent pretesting before deployment.
Of the 31 participants surveyed, 24% identified diagnostics as AI's top application, 12% favored its use in identifying anatomical structures in surgeries, and 20% endorsed AI integration into EMRs for predictive models. Attitudes toward AI varied based on its intended application: 77.41% expressed concern about AI making life decisions and 70.97% felt excited about its application for repetitive tasks. A significant 67.74% believed AI could enhance the understanding of medical knowledge. Perception of AI integration varied with AI familiarity ( = .01), with more knowledgeable respondents expressing more positivity. Moreover, familiarity influenced the perceived academic use of ChatGPT ( = .039) and attitudes toward AI in operating rooms ( = .032). Conclusion: This study provides insights into surgery residents' perceptions of AI in medical practice and training. These findings can inform future research, shape policy decisions, and guide AI development, promoting a harmonious collaboration between AI and surgeons to improve both training and patient care.
人工智能（AI）在医学教育和患者护理方面具有巨大的潜力，但它的快速出现带来了伦理和实际的挑战。本研究探讨了外科住院医师对 AI 在医学中的作用的看法。
我们对一所大学附属医院的普通外科住院医师进行了一项横断面研究，调查他们对医学和外科培训中 AI 的看法。该调查涵盖了人口统计学、住院医师对 AI 的理解、其在医疗实践中的整合以及使用 ChatGPT 等 AI 工具。该调查设计灵感来自最近的一项全国性调查，并在部署前进行了预测试。
在接受调查的 31 名参与者中，24%的人认为诊断是 AI 的主要应用，12%的人赞成在手术中识别解剖结构，20%的人赞成将 AI 整合到电子病历中用于预测模型。对 AI 的态度因应用目的而异：77.41%的人对 AI 做出生活决策表示担忧，70.97%的人对 AI 在重复任务中的应用感到兴奋。有 67.74%的人认为 AI 可以增强对医学知识的理解。对 AI 整合的看法因 AI 熟悉程度而异（ =.01），知识更丰富的受访者更积极。此外，熟悉程度影响对 ChatGPT 的感知学术用途（ =.039）和对手术室中 AI 的态度（ =.032）。结论：本研究提供了外科住院医师对 AI 在医疗实践和培训中的看法的见解。这些发现可以为未来的研究提供信息，影响政策决策，并指导 AI 的发展，促进 AI 和外科医生之间的和谐合作，以改善培训和患者护理。
