School of Law, University of Manchester Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
J Med Ethics. 2024 Sep 20;50(10):718-720. doi: 10.1136/jme-2023-109623.
In a recent paper, Braun argued for an autonomy-based approach to assisted suicide as a way to avoid the expressivist objection to assisted dying laws. In this paper, I will argue that an autonomy-based approach actually extends the expressivist objection to assisted dying because it is not possible for one agent to assist another in pursuit of a goal without expressing that it would be good for that goal to come about. Braun argued that assisted dying should be viewed purely as an individual's autonomous action, but this requires the assistance of the medical professional to be understood as that of a non-moral automaton, such as a suicide booth. Instead, it will be argued that a beneficent motivation to promote human flourishing provides moral reasons for both non-interference in the actions, for example, suicide, of competent agents and for considering whether assisting another agent with their goal will promote their flourishing.
在最近的一篇论文中,Braun 主张采用基于自主性的辅助自杀方法,以此避免辅助死亡法律所引发的表现主义反对意见。在本文中,我将论证基于自主性的方法实际上扩展了对辅助死亡的表现主义反对意见,因为如果一个代理人不表达他/她认为该目标实现是有益的,那么他/她就不可能协助另一个人追求该目标。Braun 认为,辅助自杀应该被纯粹视为个人的自主行为,但这需要医疗专业人员的协助,将其理解为非道德的自动机,例如自杀亭。相反,本文将论证,促进人类繁荣的善意动机为不干涉有能力的代理人的行为(例如自杀)以及考虑是否协助另一个代理人实现其目标将促进他们的繁荣提供了道德理由。