Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, College of medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2023 Dec;67(23):e2300468. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202300468. Epub 2023 Oct 20.
Copper is an essential trace metal for normal cellular functions; a lack of copper is reported to impair the function of important copper-binding enzymes, while excess copper could lead to cell death. Numerous studies have shown an association between dietary copper consumption or plasma copper levels and the incidence of diabetes/diabetes complications. And experimental studies have revealed multiple signaling pathways that are triggered by copper shortages or copper overload in diabetic conditions. Moreover, studies show that treated with copper chelators improve vascular function, maintain copper homeostasis, inhibit cuproptosis, and reduce cell toxicity, thereby alleviating diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiomyopathy. However, the mechanisms reported in these studies are inconsistent or even contradictory. This review summarizes the precise and tight regulation of copper homeostasis processes, and discusses the latest progress in the association of diabetes and dietary copper/plasma copper. Further, the study pays close attention to the therapeutic potential of copper chelators and copper in diabetes and its complications, and hopes to provide new insight for the treatment of diabetes.
铜是正常细胞功能所必需的微量元素；据报道，铜缺乏会损害重要的铜结合酶的功能，而铜过量则可能导致细胞死亡。大量研究表明，饮食中铜的摄入或血浆铜水平与糖尿病/糖尿病并发症的发生有关。此外，实验研究还揭示了在糖尿病情况下，由铜缺乏或铜过载触发的多种信号通路。而且，研究表明，用铜螯合剂治疗可改善血管功能、维持铜动态平衡、抑制铜死亡和降低细胞毒性，从而缓解糖尿病性神经病、视网膜病变、肾病和心肌病。然而，这些研究中报道的机制并不一致，甚至相互矛盾。本文综述了铜动态平衡过程的精确和严格调控，并讨论了糖尿病与饮食铜/血浆铜之间关联的最新进展。此外，该研究密切关注铜螯合剂和铜在糖尿病及其并发症中的治疗潜力，希望为糖尿病的治疗提供新的见解。
