儿童注意缺陷多动障碍与睡眠紊乱及认知表现的关联研究：卧床时间、社会时差及睡眠紊乱。
Association of Time in Bed, Social Jetlag, and Sleep Disturbances With Cognitive Performance in Children With ADHD.
机构信息
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
出版信息
J Atten Disord. 2024 Jan;28(1):99-108. doi: 10.1177/10870547231204010. Epub 2023 Oct 21.
OBJECTIVES
Children with ADHD commonly exhibit sleep disturbances, but there is limited knowledge about how sleep and sleep timing are associated with cognitive dysfunction in children with ADHD.
METHODS
Participants were 350 children aged 5 to 12 years diagnosed with ADHD. Three sleep-related constructs-time in bed, social jetlag (i.e., discrepancy in sleep timing pattern between school nights and weekend nights), and sleep disturbances were measured using a caregiver-report questionnaire. Linear regression models assessed the associations between sleep-related constructs and cognitive performance.
RESULTS
After adjustment for sociodemographic variables, there were few associations between time in bed or sleep disturbances and cognitive performance, however, greater social jetlag was negatively associated with processing speed (β = -.20, 95% CI [-0.35, -0.06]), visually-based reasoning (β = -.13, 95% CI [-0.27, 0.00]), and language-based reasoning (β = -.22, 95% CI [-0.36, -0.08]); all < .05).
CONCLUSION
Social jetlag, but not time in bed or disturbances, was associated with lower cognitive performance among children with ADHD.
目的
患有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童通常存在睡眠障碍，但对于睡眠和睡眠时相如何与 ADHD 儿童的认知功能障碍相关，人们知之甚少。
方法
参与者为 350 名 5 至 12 岁被诊断为 ADHD 的儿童。通过照顾者报告问卷测量了 3 个与睡眠相关的指标：卧床时间、社会时差（即上学日和周末夜间睡眠时相差异）和睡眠障碍。线性回归模型评估了睡眠相关指标与认知表现之间的关系。
结果
在校正了社会人口统计学变量后，卧床时间或睡眠障碍与认知表现之间几乎没有关联，但是较大的社会时差与处理速度（β=−0.20，95%CI [−0.35，−0.06]）、基于视觉的推理（β=−0.13，95%CI [−0.27，0.00]）和基于语言的推理（β=−0.22，95%CI [−0.36，−0.08]）呈负相关；所有关联均<0.05。
结论
在 ADHD 儿童中，与较低的认知表现相关的是社会时差，而不是卧床时间或睡眠障碍。
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