Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics, Christian-Doppler Medical Centre, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Institute for Human Resources Research in Health Care, University Clinics of Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Institute for Psychology, Sigmund Freud University Linz, Austria.
J Psychiatr Res. 2023 Dec;168:1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.032. Epub 2023 Oct 16.
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between problematic internet use (PIU) and ADHD-related symptoms of attention deficit, impulsivity and hyperactivity.
We chose a meta-analytical approach and searched for relevant studies in different databases (Pubmed, PsycInfo, Google scholar). We identified 24 studies with 18 859 participants (mean age = 18.40 (SD = 5.51)) published between 2004 and 2021 which were applicable for our research. We calculated 21, 7, and 9 effect sizes for attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsivity, respectively.
We found significant associations between PIU and attention deficit (r = 0.36, 95% confidence interval = [0.28 to 0.43]), hyperactivity (r = 0.44, 95% confidence interval = [0.33 to 0.53]), and impulsivity (r = 0.41, 95% confidence interval = [0.30 to 0.51]), p < .001 for all three. The effect sizes of attention deficit and hyperactivity were significantly higher in male compared to female participants. Additionally, higher attention deficit effects were found in adults compared to children/adolescents.
Our meta-analysis indicates that ADHD-related symptoms are associated with PIU. Although cross-sectional analyses cannot explain cause-and-effect relationships, we hypothesize that attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsivity constitute a vulnerability towards PIU.
本研究旨在探讨网络成瘾（PIU）与注意力缺陷、冲动和多动相关的 ADHD 症状之间的关系。
我们采用荟萃分析方法，在不同数据库（Pubmed、PsycInfo、Google Scholar）中搜索相关研究。我们确定了 24 项研究，共有 18859 名参与者（平均年龄为 18.40（SD=5.51）），这些研究发表于 2004 年至 2021 年，适用于我们的研究。我们分别计算了注意力缺陷、多动和冲动的 21、7 和 9 个效应量。
我们发现 PIU 与注意力缺陷（r=0.36，95%置信区间[0.28 至 0.43]）、多动（r=0.44，95%置信区间[0.33 至 0.53]）和冲动（r=0.41，95%置信区间[0.30 至 0.51]）显著相关，所有三个关联均具有统计学意义（p<0.001）。与女性参与者相比，男性参与者的注意力缺陷和多动的效应量明显更高。此外，与儿童/青少年相比，成年人的注意力缺陷效应量更高。
我们的荟萃分析表明，ADHD 相关症状与 PIU 相关。虽然横断面分析不能解释因果关系，但我们假设注意力缺陷、多动和冲动构成了对 PIU 的易感性。
