Biogeochemistry of Agroecosystems, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
Trends Plant Sci. 2024 Apr;29(4):447-468. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.09.015. Epub 2023 Oct 20.
The rhizosphere is the central hotspot of water and nutrient uptake by plants, rhizodeposition, microbial activities, and plant-soil-microbial interactions. The plasticity of plants offers possibilities to engineer the rhizosphere to mitigate climate change. We define rhizosphere engineering as targeted manipulation of plants, soil, microorganisms, and management to shift rhizosphere processes for specific aims [e.g., carbon (C) sequestration]. The rhizosphere components can be engineered by agronomic, physical, chemical, biological, and genomic approaches. These approaches increase plant productivity with a special focus on C inputs belowground, increase microbial necromass production, protect organic compounds and necromass by aggregation, and decrease C losses. Finally, we outline multifunctional options for rhizosphere engineering: how to boost C sequestration, increase soil health, and mitigate global change effects.
根际是植物吸收水分和养分、根系分泌物、微生物活动以及植物-土壤-微生物相互作用的中心热点区域。植物的可塑性为根际工程提供了可能性，以减轻气候变化。我们将根际工程定义为有针对性地操纵植物、土壤、微生物和管理，以改变根际过程，以实现特定目标[例如，碳（C）固存]。根际成分可以通过农业、物理、化学、生物和基因组方法进行工程设计。这些方法通过特别关注地下 C 输入来提高植物生产力，增加微生物残体量的产生，通过聚集保护有机化合物和残体量，并减少 C 损失。最后，我们概述了根际工程的多功能选择：如何促进 C 固存、增加土壤健康和减轻全球变化的影响。
