Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2024;24(7):758-776. doi: 10.2174/0118715303266444231008143430.
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus that affects the peripheral nerves and causes pain, numbness, and impaired function. The pathogenesis of DN involves multiple molecular mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and pathways of advanced glycation end products, polyol, hexosamine, and protein kinase C. Phytochemicals are natural compounds derived from plants that have various biological activities and therapeutic potential. Flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, stilbenes, and tannins are some of the phytochemicals that have been identified as having protective potential for diabetic neuropathy. These compounds can modulate various cellular pathways involved in the development and progression of neuropathy, including reducing oxidative stress and inflammation and promoting nerve growth and repair. In this review, the current evidence on the effects of phytochemicals on DN by focusing on five major classes, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, stilbenes, and tannins, are summarized. This compilation also discusses the possible molecular targets of numerous pathways of DN that these phytochemicals modulate. These phytochemicals may offer a promising alternative or complementary approach to conventional drugs for DN management by modulating multiple pathological pathways and restoring nerve function.
糖尿病性神经病（DN）是一种常见且使人虚弱的糖尿病并发症，影响外周神经，导致疼痛、麻木和功能障碍。DN 的发病机制涉及多种分子机制，如氧化应激、炎症和晚期糖基化终产物、多元醇、己糖胺、蛋白激酶 C 途径。植物化学物质是从植物中提取的天然化合物，具有多种生物活性和治疗潜力。类黄酮、萜类、生物碱、芪和单宁是已被确定对糖尿病性神经病具有保护潜力的一些植物化学物质。这些化合物可以调节参与神经病发展和进展的各种细胞途径，包括减少氧化应激和炎症，促进神经生长和修复。在这篇综述中，通过关注类黄酮、萜类、生物碱、芪和单宁这五类主要化合物，总结了植物化学物质对 DN 的影响的现有证据。本文还讨论了这些植物化学物质调节的 DN 众多途径的可能分子靶点。这些植物化学物质通过调节多种病理途径和恢复神经功能，为糖尿病性神经病的管理提供了有前途的替代或补充方法。
