Kottarathil Malavika, Thayanidhi Premamalini, P Sathyamurthy, Jyoti Kindo Anupma
Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.
Department of General Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.
Curr Med Mycol. 2023 Mar;9(1):44-55. doi: 10.18502/cmm.2023.345032.1400.
Mucormycosis (previously called zygomycosis) is a diverse group of increasingly recognized and frequently fatal mycotic diseases caused by members of the class zygomycetes. Mucormycosis is around 80 times more common in India, compared to other developed countries, with a frequency of 0.14 cases per 1,000 population. The most frequent causative agent of mucormycosis is the following genera from the Order , , , , , , and . The major risk factors for the development of mucormycosis are diabetic ketoacidosis, deferoxamine treatment, cancer, solid organ or bone marrow transplantations, prolonged steroid use, extreme malnutrition, and neutropenia. The common clinical forms of mucormycosis are rhino-orbital-cerebral, pulmonary, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal. During the second wave of COVID-19, there was a rapid increase in mucormycosis with more severity than before. Amphotericin B is currently found to be an effective drug as it is found to have a broad-spectrum activity and posaconazole is used as a salvage therapy. Newer triazole isavuconazole is also found effective against mucormycosis. This study aimed to review various studies on the laboratory diagnosis and treatment of mucormycosis.
毛霉病（以前称为接合菌病）是由接合菌纲成员引起的一组日益受到认可且常常致命的真菌病。与其他发达国家相比，毛霉病在印度的发病率约高80倍，每1000人中有0.14例。毛霉病最常见的病原体是以下来自毛霉目、根霉属、犁头霉属、毛霉属、根毛霉属、小克银汉霉属和共头霉属的属。毛霉病发生的主要危险因素是糖尿病酮症酸中毒、去铁胺治疗、癌症、实体器官或骨髓移植、长期使用类固醇、极度营养不良和中性粒细胞减少。毛霉病常见的临床类型为鼻眶脑型、肺型、皮肤型和胃肠型。在新冠疫情第二波期间，毛霉病迅速增加，且比以前更为严重。目前发现两性霉素B是一种有效药物，因为它具有广谱活性，泊沙康唑用作挽救治疗。新型三唑类药物艾沙康唑也被发现对毛霉病有效。本研究旨在综述关于毛霉病实验室诊断和治疗的各种研究。
