Giuriato Matteo, Pellino Vittoria Carnevale, Lovecchio Nicola, Codella Roberto, Vandoni Matteo, Talpey Scott
Department of Human Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland.
Biol Sport. 2023 Oct;40(4):1033-1038. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2023.123322. Epub 2023 Mar 6.
The ability to change direction rapidly is a key fitness quality especially in invasive sports where young players perform approximately 300 changes of direction in a game. There is currently limited understanding of how anthropometric characteristics and maturation status influence change of direction ability in adolescent. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation is to assess the influence of anthropometrics and maturation status on change of direction ability in young people. The study involved 706 adolescents (367 girls) aged 14-19-year-old attending the same high school in Northern Italy. Stature, body mass, seated height and leg length were measured to determine the anthropometrics and maturation status of the participants. Repeated change of direction ability (10 × 5 m shuttle run test), lower limb power and muscle strength were evaluated using field tests from the Eurofit test battery. Maturity offset was calculated separately for boys and girls, in accord with the equation proposed by Mirwald. Preliminary analysis with 10 × 5 m as a dependent variable and sex and PHV as a fixed factor, suggests a significant difference between sex (p < 0.001; d = 0.35) but not with PHV (p = 0.986; d = 0.000) and interaction PHV × sex (p = 0.836; d = 0.000). Our results suggested that repeated change of direction performance was influenced by anthropometrics, maturation and muscle qualities in adolescent boys and girls.
快速改变方向的能力是一项关键的身体素质，尤其在对抗性运动中，年轻运动员在一场比赛中大约要进行300次方向改变。目前，对于人体测量学特征和成熟状态如何影响青少年的方向改变能力，人们的了解有限。因此，本研究的目的是评估人体测量学和成熟状态对年轻人方向改变能力的影响。该研究涉及706名年龄在14至19岁之间、就读于意大利北部同一所高中的青少年（367名女孩）。测量了身高、体重、坐高和腿长，以确定参与者的人体测量学特征和成熟状态。使用欧洲适应能力测试组中的现场测试，评估了重复方向改变能力（10×5米穿梭跑测试）、下肢力量和肌肉力量。根据米尔瓦尔德提出的公式，分别计算了男孩和女孩的成熟偏移量。以10×5米为因变量、性别和PHV（峰值身高速度）为固定因素的初步分析表明，性别之间存在显著差异（p<0.001；d=0.35），但PHV之间无显著差异（p=0.986；d=0.000），且PHV×性别之间的交互作用也无显著差异（p=0.836；d=0.000）。我们的研究结果表明，青少年男孩和女孩的重复方向改变表现受人体测量学、成熟度和肌肉质量的影响。
