法国、意大利、西班牙、德国、加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰的移民农业工人的健康、社会和法律支持：范围综述。
Health, social and legal supports for migrant agricultural workers in France, Italy, Spain, Germany, Canada, Australia and New Zealand: a scoping review.
机构信息
Athur Labatt and Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Dipartimento di Filosofia e Beni Culturali, Università Ca'Foscari Venezia, Marie Skłodowska-Curie Global Post-Doctoral Fellow, Venice, Italy.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2023 Oct 5;11:1182816. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1182816. eCollection 2023.
INTRODUCTION
We carried out a scoping review to examine what previous literature can teach us about practices and possibilities for support services for migrant agricultural workers.
METHODS
Following guidelines for scoping reviews as outlined by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) and further refined by Levac et. al (2010) we conducted searches of several databases and two additional searches to capture regions of focus and more current literature. We used a thematic analysis to generate our themes.
RESULTS
Our analysis yielded four key themes: (1) political, economic and legal factors; (2) living and working conditions; (3) facilitators/barriers to navigating services and supports and; (4) potential and existing strategies for social support for migrant agricultural workers. The first two themes pointed more to structural and material conditions that both posed barriers for this population to access supports, but also illustrated vulnerabilities that pointed to the need for a variety of services and protections. Under the third, we highlighted the ways that the design of services and supports, or their degree of accessibility, could shape the level of help available to this population. Lastly, potential and existing strategies for social support discussed in the literature included an emphasis on mental health and wellbeing, occupational health and safety training and documentation, and policy reforms to secure the status and address the precarity of this workforce.
DISCUSSION
While research on social support and service provision for migrant agricultural workers is still in its infancy, a strength of this body of work is its attention to macro-level issues that advocate for strategies that address root factors that shape this group's health. Further research is required to expand our understanding of social support roles and possibilities across other domains and sectors for this population.
介绍
我们进行了范围综述，以研究以往文献可以为移民农业工人的支持服务实践和可能性提供哪些启示。
方法
根据 Arksey 和 O'Malley（2005）概述的范围综述指南，并进一步由 Levac 等人（2010）细化，我们对多个数据库进行了搜索，并进行了另外两次搜索以捕捉重点区域和更新的文献。我们使用主题分析来生成我们的主题。
结果
我们的分析产生了四个关键主题：（1）政治、经济和法律因素；（2）生活和工作条件；（3）为移民农业工人提供服务和支持的促进因素/障碍；（4）为移民农业工人提供社会支持的潜在和现有策略。前两个主题更多地指向结构和物质条件，这些条件既为该人群获得支持设置了障碍，也说明了弱势群体的存在，这表明需要各种服务和保护。在第三个主题下，我们强调了服务和支持的设计方式，或其可及性程度，如何影响该人群可获得的帮助程度。最后，文献中讨论的潜在和现有社会支持策略包括强调心理健康和福祉、职业健康和安全培训和记录，以及政策改革以保障这一劳动力的地位和解决其脆弱性。
讨论
尽管移民农业工人的社会支持和服务提供研究仍处于起步阶段，但这项工作的一个优势是，它关注宏观层面的问题，倡导采取策略来解决影响该群体健康的根本因素。需要进一步研究来扩大我们对这一人群在其他领域和部门的社会支持作用和可能性的理解。
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