Ghaemmaghami Anis, Moeini Mahin, Keshvari Mahrokh
Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2023 Sep 8;28(5):624-630. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_356_21. eCollection 2023 Sep-Oct.
One of the factors effective in controlling acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms, such as heart failure, is sufficient knowledge of the disease, factors effective on its occurrence, and its prevention. Moreover, the improvement of self-efficacy, which is a predictor of important life factors in these patients, such as treatment process and quality of life (QOL), must be considered as one of the main goals of nursing care for these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the family-centered self-care program on the health literacy level and self-efficacy of patients with ACS during hospital discharge.
The present study was a quasi-experimental study performed with a pretest-posttest design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients with ACS hospitalized at Shahid Chamran Hospital in Isfahan in 2020. Through the convenience sampling method, 50 patients were selected and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. For the intervention group, 6 sessions of 45-60 minutes of family-centered self-care intervention were held. The subjects completed the Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) questionnaire before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, independent -test, and paired -test in the SPSS statistical software.
The mean score of health literacy did not significantly differ between the intervention and control groups before the intervention ( > 0.050). However, after the intervention, this rate was equal to 82.16 (7.94) and 60.85 (15.71) in the intervention and control groups, respectively, which was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group ( < 0.001). Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean self-efficacy score before the intervention ( > 0.05). However, after the intervention, this score was significantly higher in the intervention group 34.71 (10.11) compared to the control group 35.22 (13.30).
Family-centered self-care program after discharge, as a simple, applicable, and efficient method can improve the health literacy level and self-efficacy of patients with ACS.
有效控制急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）症状（如心力衰竭）的因素之一是对该疾病、其发生的影响因素及其预防有足够的了解。此外，自我效能感的提高是这些患者重要生活因素（如治疗过程和生活质量（QOL））的预测指标，必须将其视为这些患者护理的主要目标之一。本研究的目的是确定以家庭为中心的自我护理计划对ACS患者出院时健康素养水平和自我效能感的影响。
本研究是一项采用前测-后测设计的准实验研究。研究的统计人群包括2020年在伊斯法罕的沙希德·查姆兰医院住院的所有ACS患者。通过便利抽样法，选取了50名患者并随机分为干预组和对照组。对干预组进行了6次时长为45 - 60分钟的以家庭为中心的自我护理干预。受试者在干预前后完成了《伊朗成年人健康素养》（HELIA）问卷。数据在SPSS统计软件中使用卡方检验、独立样本t检验和配对样本t检验进行分析。
干预前，干预组和对照组的健康素养平均得分无显著差异（P > 0.050）。然而，干预后，干预组和对照组的该得分分别为82.16（7.94）和60.85（15.71），干预组显著高于对照组（P < 0.001）。此外，干预前两组的自我效能感平均得分无显著差异（P > 0.05）。然而，干预后，干预组的该得分34.71（10.11）显著高于对照组的35.22（13.30）。
出院后以家庭为中心的自我护理计划作为一种简单、适用且有效的方法，可以提高ACS患者的健康素养水平和自我效能感。
