High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Sci Rep. 2023 Oct 23;13(1):18077. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-45278-x.
This study aimed to examine the effect of time of day (TOD) on the acquisition of basketball game actions from dynamic and static visualizations in physical education students (novice practitioners). Participants were quasi-randomly assigned to three treatments (static pictures, enriched static-pictures, or video). Morning and late-afternoon sessions were conducted, involving study phases and immediate-recall tests [game comprehension (GC) test and game performance (GP) test]. Oral temperature (OT) and mood states (MS) were also measured. Compared to the morning, the results revealed that afternoon resulted in higher OT, higher negative MS (e.g., anxiety and fatigue), and lower positive MS (i.e., vigor) in all experimental conditions. Moreover, the results showed that: (a) GC and GP decreased throughout the day (regardless of treatments), (b) GC and GP were better with enriched static-pictures (with arrows) than with static pictures, at both TOD, and (c) the video resulted in better GC and GP than the two static presentations, at both TOD. This study (a) highlights the morning's superiority in the acquisition of motor skills from dynamic and static visualizations, due to mood disturbances and lower arousal levels, and (b) encourages basketball teachers to use video modeling by experts, particularly in the morning, for explaining tactical skills.
本研究旨在探讨在体育教育学生（新手从业者）中，时间（TOD）对从动态和静态可视化中获取篮球比赛动作的影响。参与者被准随机分配到三种处理方式（静态图片、丰富的静态图片或视频）。上午和下午晚些时候进行了课程和即时回忆测试[比赛理解（GC）测试和比赛表现（GP）测试]。还测量了口腔温度（OT）和情绪状态（MS）。与上午相比，结果表明下午在所有实验条件下都会导致更高的 OT、更高的负面 MS（如焦虑和疲劳）和更低的正面 MS（即活力）。此外，结果表明：（a）无论处理方式如何，GC 和 GP 全天都会下降；（b）在 TOD 方面，带有箭头的丰富静态图片的 GC 和 GP 比静态图片更好；（c）与两种静态演示相比，视频在 TOD 方面都能产生更好的 GC 和 GP。本研究（a）强调了在情绪干扰和唤醒水平较低的情况下，上午从动态和静态可视化中获取运动技能的优越性；（b）鼓励篮球教师在早上尤其使用专家的视频建模来解释战术技能。
