Invasive Bacterial Infections Unit and National Reference Center for Meningococci and Haemophilus influnezae, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, France.
Invasive Bacterial Infections Unit and National Reference Center for Meningococci and Haemophilus influnezae, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, France.
J Infect Public Health. 2023 Dec;16(12):1954-1960. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.10.001. Epub 2023 Oct 12.
Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) cases declined upon the implementation of non-pharmaceutical measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic. A rebound in IMD cases was feared upon easing these measures.
We conducted a retrospective descriptive study using the French National Reference Center Database for meningococci between 2015 and 2022. We scored serogroups, sex, age groups, and clonal complexes of the corresponding isolates.
Our data clearly show a decline in the number of IMD cases for all serogroups and age groups until 2021. This decline was mainly due to a decrease in IMD cases provoked by the hyperinvasive ST-11 clonal complex. However, since the fall of 2021, there has been an increase in IMD cases, which accelerated in the second half of 2022. This rebound concerned all age groups, in particular 16-24 years. The increase in cases due to serogroups B, W, and Y were mainly due to the expansion of isolates of the ST-7460, the clonal complex ST-9316 and the clonal complex ST-23, respectively.
IMD epidemiology changes constantly and profound epidemiological changes have been recently observed. The surveillance of IMD needs to be enhanced using molecular tools. Additionally, vaccination strategies need to be updated to acknowledge recent epidemiological changes of these vaccine-preventable serogroups.
在采取非药物措施控制 COVID-19 大流行后，侵袭性脑膜炎奈瑟菌病（IMD）病例有所减少。一旦放宽这些措施，人们担心 IMD 病例会反弹。
我们使用法国国家脑膜炎球菌参考中心数据库，对 2015 年至 2022 年期间的脑膜炎奈瑟菌进行了回顾性描述性研究。我们对相应分离株的血清群、性别、年龄组和克隆复合物进行了评分。
我们的数据清楚地显示，所有血清群和年龄组的 IMD 病例数量都在减少，直到 2021 年。这种下降主要是由于由高度侵袭性 ST-11 克隆复合物引起的 IMD 病例减少。然而，自 2021 年秋季以来，IMD 病例有所增加，并且在 2022 年下半年加速。这种反弹涉及所有年龄组，特别是 16-24 岁。由于血清群 B、W 和 Y 引起的病例增加主要是由于 ST-7460、ST-9316 克隆复合物和 ST-23 克隆复合物的分离株的扩展所致。
IMD 的流行病学不断变化，最近观察到了深刻的变化。需要使用分子工具加强 IMD 的监测。此外，需要更新疫苗接种策略，以承认这些可通过疫苗预防的血清群最近的流行病学变化。
