Peters Haugrud Amanda R, Sharma Jyoti Saini, Zhang Qijun, Green Andrew J, Xu Steven S, Faris Justin D
USDA-ARS, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, North Dakota, USA.
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
Plant Genome. 2025 Mar;18(1):e20398. doi: 10.1002/tpg2.20398. Epub 2023 Oct 24.
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum L.) is an important world food crop used to make pasta products. Compared to bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), fewer studies have been conducted to identify genetic loci governing yield-component traits in durum wheat. A potential source of diversity for durum is its immediate progenitor, cultivated emmer (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccum). We evaluated two biparental populations of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from crosses between the durum lines Ben and Rusty and the cultivated emmer wheat accessions PI 41025 and PI 193883, referred to as the Ben × PI 41025 (BP025) and Rusty × PI 193883 (RP883) RIL populations, respectively. Both populations were evaluated under field conditions in three seasons with an aim to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with yield components and seed morphology that were expressed in multiple environments. A total of 44 and 34 multi-environment QTLs were identified in the BP025 and RP883 populations, respectively. As expected, genetic loci known to govern domestication and development were associated with some of the QTLs, but novel QTLs derived from the cultivated emmer parents and associated with yield components including spikelet number, grain weight, and grain size were identified. These QTLs offer new target loci for durum wheat improvement, and toward that goal, we identified five RILs with increased grain weight and size compared to the durum parents. These materials along with the knowledge of stable QTLs and associated markers can help to expedite the development of superior durum varieties.
硬粒小麦（Triticum turgidum ssp. durum L.）是一种重要的世界粮食作物，用于制作意大利面制品。与面包小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）相比，针对硬粒小麦中控制产量构成性状的基因座进行的研究较少。硬粒小麦的一个潜在多样性来源是其直接祖先栽培二粒小麦（T. turgidum ssp. dicoccum）。我们评估了两个由重组自交系（RIL）组成的双亲群体，它们分别来源于硬粒小麦品系Ben和Rusty与栽培二粒小麦种质PI 41025和PI 193883之间的杂交，分别称为Ben × PI 41025（BP025）和Rusty × PI 193883（RP883）RIL群体。在三个季节的田间条件下对这两个群体进行了评估，目的是鉴定与产量构成要素和种子形态相关的数量性状基因座（QTL），这些性状在多种环境中均有表达。在BP025和RP883群体中分别鉴定出了44个和34个多环境QTL。正如预期的那样，已知控制驯化和发育的基因座与一些QTL相关，但也鉴定出了源自栽培二粒小麦亲本且与产量构成要素相关的新QTL，包括小穗数、粒重和粒大小。这些QTL为硬粒小麦的改良提供了新的目标基因座，为实现这一目标，我们鉴定出了五个与硬粒小麦亲本相比粒重和粒大小增加的RIL。这些材料以及稳定QTL和相关标记的知识有助于加快优良硬粒小麦品种的培育。
