Clarkson University, United States of America.
Kean University, United States of America.
Child Abuse Negl. 2023 Dec;146:106507. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106507. Epub 2023 Oct 24.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) often co-occurs with childhood maltreatment and negatively impacts children's development. While previous research has shown a direct link between these experiences and children's self-regulation, less is known about the potential unique effect and bidirectional associations between them.
The present study aims to investigate the bidirectional effects among maternal IPV experiences, child maltreatment, and children's behavioral self-regulation.
4,402 participants from three waves of the longitudinal study of the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS) were included in the study.
Cross-lagged path analyses were conducted to examine the longitudinal reciprocal relationships among IPV, child maltreatment, and children's behavioral regulation when children were 3, 5, and 9 years old.
IPV exposure at ages 3 and 5 was negatively associated with levels of behavioral self-regulation at ages 5 and 9, even after accounting for physical maltreatment, psychological maltreatment, or neglect. Neglect at ages 3 and 5 was found to be associated with lower levels of behavioral self-regulation at later ages, when IPV exposure was considered in the models. Lower levels of behavioral self-regulation at age 3 were found to be linked with higher levels of psychological maltreatment, physical maltreatment, neglect, and IPV exposure at age 5.
This study revealed bidirectional effects between maternal IPV experiences, child maltreatment, and children's behavioral self-regulation. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that exposure to IPV during early childhood significantly predicts long-term behavioral self-regulation difficulties, even after controlling for the effects of child maltreatment.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）通常与儿童期虐待同时发生，并对儿童的发展产生负面影响。虽然先前的研究表明这些经历与儿童的自我调节之间存在直接联系，但对于它们之间潜在的独特影响和双向关联知之甚少。
本研究旨在探讨母婴 IPV 经历、儿童虐待与儿童行为自我调节之间的双向影响。
共有 4402 名参与者来自未来家庭和儿童福利研究（FFCWS）的三个纵向研究波次，他们参与了这项研究。
采用交叉滞后路径分析，考察了母婴 IPV 经历、儿童虐待和儿童行为调节在儿童 3 岁、5 岁和 9 岁时的纵向相互关系。
3 岁和 5 岁时的 IPV 暴露与 5 岁和 9 岁时的行为自我调节水平呈负相关，即使考虑了身体虐待、心理虐待或忽视的情况也是如此。在考虑模型中的 IPV 暴露时，3 岁和 5 岁时的忽视与后期较低的行为自我调节水平有关。3 岁时较低的行为自我调节水平与 5 岁时较高的心理虐待、身体虐待、忽视和 IPV 暴露水平有关。
本研究揭示了母婴 IPV 经历、儿童虐待与儿童行为自我调节之间的双向影响。此外，该研究表明，儿童早期暴露于 IPV 显著预测长期的行为自我调节困难，即使在控制了儿童虐待的影响之后也是如此。
