利用蚯蚓修复重金属（HM）污染农田：土壤酶活性和蚯蚓生长参数的协同变化。
Vermiremediation of heavy metals (HMs)-contaminated agricultural land: synergistic changes in soil enzyme activities and earthworm's growth parameters.
机构信息
Ecology and Environmental Remediation Laboratory, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India.
出版信息
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Nov;30(54):115266-115278. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-30500-0. Epub 2023 Oct 25.
In this investigation the heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr and Ni) remediation potential of Eisenia fetida was studied in the crude oil polluted soil. The potential of E. fetida was evaluated based on the decrease in concentrations of Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr and Ni, and improvement in the soil enzyme activities at the end of 90 days of experimental trials. Moreover, soil health quality, inter-relationship between the enzyme activities and the growth parameters of E. fetida and synergistic relation among the enzyme activities were also evaluated through G-Mean and T-QSI indices, chord plot analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to confirm the performance of E. fetida during vermiremediation. The results revealed that the soil treated with E. fetida showed a reduction in the concentration of Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr and Ni by 17.4% 19.45%, 9.44%, 23.8% and 9.6% respectively by end of the experimental trials. The cellulase, amylase, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, urease, dehydrogenase and catalase activities in the E. fetida-treated soil were enhanced by 89.83%, 99.17%, 142%, 109.9%, 92.9%, 694.3% and 274.5% respectively. The results of SEM-EDS revealed enhancement in the O, K, Na, Mg and P content by 62.36%, 96.2%, 97.9%, 93.7% and 98.2% respectively by the end of the experimental trial. The G-Mean and T-QSI indices also confirmed the improvement in soil enzyme activities thereby indicating the positive influence of E. fetida on soil decontamination process. The chord plot indicated the interrelationship between the earthworm's growth parameters and enzyme activities of the soil as indicated by the high linkage between the nodes. Finally, the PCA confirmed the negative effect of the heavy metals on the soil enzyme activities and synergistic interrelationship between the enzyme activities during the vermiremediation process. Thus, this study demonstrated the changes in the soil enzyme activities and their interconnected influences during vermiremediation of crude oil sourced heavy metals from polluted soil.
在这项研究中，研究了赤子爱胜蚓（Eisenia fetida）在受原油污染的土壤中对重金属（Cu、Zn、Mn、Cr 和 Ni）的修复潜力。基于 90 天实验结束时 Cu、Zn、Mn、Cr 和 Ni 浓度的降低以及土壤酶活性的提高，评估了赤子爱胜蚓的修复潜力。此外，还通过 G-均值和 T-QSI 指数、弦图分析和主成分分析（PCA）评估了土壤健康质量、酶活性与赤子爱胜蚓生长参数之间的相互关系以及酶活性之间的协同关系，以确认赤子爱胜蚓在蚯蚓修复过程中的表现。结果表明，实验结束时，用赤子爱胜蚓处理的土壤中 Cu、Zn、Mn、Cr 和 Ni 的浓度分别降低了 17.4%、19.45%、9.44%、23.8%和 9.6%。用赤子爱胜蚓处理的土壤中的纤维素酶、淀粉酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶、脲酶、脱氢酶和过氧化氢酶活性分别提高了 89.83%、99.17%、142%、109.9%、92.9%、694.3%和 274.5%。SEM-EDS 结果表明，实验结束时，O、K、Na、Mg 和 P 的含量分别提高了 62.36%、96.2%、97.9%、93.7%和 98.2%。G-均值和 T-QSI 指数也证实了土壤酶活性的提高，从而表明赤子爱胜蚓对土壤脱污染过程的积极影响。弦图表明了蚯蚓生长参数与土壤酶活性之间的相互关系，节点之间的高度关联表明了这一点。最后，PCA 证实了重金属对土壤酶活性的负面影响以及蚯蚓修复过程中酶活性之间的协同相互关系。因此，本研究表明了在受原油源重金属污染的土壤中进行蚯蚓修复过程中土壤酶活性的变化及其相互影响。
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