极低出生体重儿出院时免疫接种不足。
Underimmunization of very low birth weight infants at discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit.
机构信息
North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, Durham, NC, USA.
Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
出版信息
J Perinatol. 2024 Jan;44(1):55-61. doi: 10.1038/s41372-023-01806-1. Epub 2023 Oct 25.
OBJECTIVE
To quantify immunization status among premature infants discharged from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), and identify risk factors for underimmunization.
STUDY DESIGN
We performed a cohort study of infants <33 weeks gestation discharged home between 2011 and 2020 from 241 NICUs. Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined the association between risk factors and underimmunization at discharge, defined as <1 dose of 5 vaccine types when discharged at 60-119 days of age and <2 doses when discharged at 120-179 days of age.
RESULTS
Of 30,766 infants discharged at 60-119 days of age, 14% were underimmunized. Among 4358 infants discharged at 120-179 days of age, 53% were underimmunized. For infants discharged at 60-119 days of age, ventilator support within 30 days of discharge was associated with underimmunization. Having a surgical procedure was associated with underimmunization in both groups.
CONCLUSION
A large proportion of premature infants discharged from the NICU are underimmunized.
目的
量化从新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）出院的早产儿的免疫状况，并确定免疫不足的风险因素。
研究设计
我们对 2011 年至 2020 年间从 241 个 NICU 出院的<33 周龄婴儿进行了队列研究。使用多变量逻辑回归，我们研究了风险因素与出院时免疫不足之间的关联，出院时免疫不足定义为在 60-119 天龄时<1 剂 5 种疫苗类型，在 120-179 天龄时<2 剂。
结果
在 60-119 天龄出院的 30766 名婴儿中，14%存在免疫不足。在 4358 名 120-179 天龄出院的婴儿中，53%存在免疫不足。对于 60-119 天龄出院的婴儿，出院后 30 天内使用呼吸机与免疫不足有关。两组均有手术与免疫不足有关。
结论
很大一部分从 NICU 出院的早产儿免疫不足。
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