Dias J G, Bodurov N
Vet Med Nauki. 1986;23(7):67-71.
Investigations were carried out on three farms in the Republic of Cuba with 942 cows (Holstein-Zebu crosses) as well as on the Agro-Industrial Complexes in the Stara Zagora and Sliven districts of the People's Republic of Bulgaria with a total of 19,065 cows of the Black-and-white and the Brown Bulgarian breed under various conditions of raising technologies. The work study aimed at establishing the percent of the so-called 'barn hooves' associated with the clinical forms of some diseases. It was found that the percent of deformed hooves was 5-6 with cows that had daily exercise movements, up to 10-with cows having limited movements, and up to 51 and more-with animals deprived of movement. Almost all cows that had deformed hooves as the result of the barn regime of raising showed injuries of the sole and pulvinar matrix and, commonly, of the entire hooves, up to 37 percent of them manifesting a definite clinical form of a disease.
在古巴共和国的三个农场对942头奶牛（荷斯坦-泽布杂交牛）进行了调查，同时在保加利亚人民共和国旧扎戈拉和斯利文地区的农业工业综合体对总共19,065头黑白花和保加利亚褐牛进行了调查，这些牛处于不同的饲养技术条件下。这项工作研究旨在确定与某些疾病临床形式相关的所谓“圈舍蹄”的百分比。结果发现，每天有运动的奶牛中畸形蹄的百分比为5 - 6%，运动受限的奶牛中高达10%，而缺乏运动的动物中高达51%及以上。几乎所有因圈舍饲养方式而出现畸形蹄的奶牛都有蹄底和枕状基质损伤，通常整个蹄部都有损伤，其中高达37%表现出明确的疾病临床形式。
