École de Santé Publique de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Am J Mens Health. 2023 Sep-Oct;17(5):15579883231206618. doi: 10.1177/15579883231206618.
Homophobia and biphobia negatively impact the mental health of gay, bisexual, trans, Two-Spirit, and queer men and non-binary individuals (GBT2Q) and sexual and gender minority men, but little is known about the impact of gender-related oppression. The current study examines the impact of pressure to conform to masculine norms in Canada-based GBT2Q individuals. Specifically, the associations between (a) gender expression and pressure to be masculine and (b) pressure to be masculine and depression, anxiety, and self-rated mental health were investigated. Drawing from an online national cross-sectional survey of 8,977 GBT2Q individuals and sexual and gender minority men living in Canada aged 15 years or older, 56.4% ( = 5,067) of respondents reported experiencing pressure to conform to masculine norms. Respondents were more likely to report masculine pressure if they were younger than 30 years, described their gender expression as fluid, identified their sexuality as queer, were an ethnoracial minority, and were trans. Pressure to be masculine was associated with increased odds of depression, anxiety, and reporting poor or fair mental health. The current study provides evidence of the detrimental impact of pressure to conform to masculine norms on the mental health of gay, bisexual, trans, Two-Spirit, and queer men and non-binary peoples.
恐同和双性恋恐惧症会对同性恋、双性恋、跨性别、双性人以及酷儿男性和非二元性别个体（GBT2Q）和性少数群体男性的心理健康产生负面影响，但人们对与性别相关的压迫的影响知之甚少。本研究考察了加拿大 GBT2Q 个体中符合男性规范的压力的影响。具体来说，研究了（a）性别表达与男性化压力之间的关系，以及（b）男性化压力与抑郁、焦虑和自我评估的心理健康之间的关系。本研究基于一项针对加拿大 15 岁及以上同性恋、双性恋、跨性别、双性人和性少数群体男性的在线全国横断面调查，共有 8977 名 GBT2Q 个体和性少数群体男性参与，其中 56.4%（=5067）的受访者报告说他们曾面临符合男性规范的压力。如果受访者年龄小于 30 岁、性别表达为流动、性取向为酷儿、是少数族裔、跨性别，他们更有可能报告存在男性化压力。男性化压力与抑郁、焦虑和报告心理健康状况不佳或一般的几率增加有关。本研究为符合男性规范的压力对同性恋、双性恋、跨性别、双性人和酷儿男性和非二元性别个体的心理健康产生的有害影响提供了证据。
