Identification and Characterization of Peptaibols as the Causing Agents of Infecting the Edible Mushroom .

(previously known as ) is a pathogenic fungus of mushrooms. The molecular mechanism underlying the infection of in fruiting bodies remains unknown. In this study, three known peptaibols, alamethicin F-50, polysporin B, and septocylindrin B (-), and a new analogue, longisporin A (), were detected and identified in the culture of and the fruiting bodies of infected by . The primary amino sequence of longisporin A is defined as Ac-Aib-Pro-Aib-Ala-Aib-Aib-Gln-Aib-Val-Aib-Glu-Leu-Aib-Pro-Val-Aib-Aib-Gln-Gln-Phaol. The peptaibols - greatly suppressed the mycelial growth of . In addition, treatment with alamethicin F-50 produced damage on the cell wall and membrane of . Compounds - also exhibited inhibitory activities against human pathogens including , , methicillin-resistant and vancomycin-resistant , and plant pathogen . Herein, peptaibols are confirmed as virulence factors involved in the invasion of on , providing insights into the interaction between pathogenic and mushrooms.