Froines J R, Wegman D H, Dellenbaugh C A
Am J Ind Med. 1986;10(4):345-61. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700100403.
Quantitative evaluation of worker exposure to silica in nine Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes was conducted, using data derived from OSHA compliance inspections, in order to assess the silica exposure problem in the U.S. The nine SICs studied were those in which OSHA inspections were concentrated. They include: construction; chemical manufacture; stone, glass, and clay manufacturing; primary metal industries; metal fabrication; machinery; transportation; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries. High exposures to silica were documented in each industry, with the number of test samples over the permissible exposure limit ranging from 14% (aluminum foundries) to 73% (pottery). An estimation is made that 24,889 workers employed in ferrous and nonferrous foundries are at risk of silica-related pulmonary effects. The data developed in this analysis also indicate the need to investigate certain industries that had high exposures but few inspections. The limitations of the data base for estimating the scope of the silica problem, including lack of data on mining and milling, are discussed. We conclude that exposure to silica represents a continuing and significant problem in a number of U.S. industries.
利用来自职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）合规检查的数据，对九个标准产业分类（SIC）代码下工人接触二氧化硅的情况进行了定量评估，以评估美国的二氧化硅接触问题。所研究的九个SIC行业是OSHA检查集中的行业。它们包括：建筑；化学制造；石材、玻璃和粘土制造；初级金属工业；金属加工；机械；运输；以及其他制造业。每个行业都记录到了高二氧化硅接触情况，超过允许接触限值的测试样本数量从14%（铝铸造厂）到73%（陶器厂）不等。据估计，在黑色和有色金属铸造厂工作的24,889名工人有患与二氧化硅相关肺部疾病的风险。该分析得出的数据还表明，有必要对某些接触量高但检查次数少的行业进行调查。讨论了用于估计二氧化硅问题范围的数据库的局限性，包括缺乏采矿和研磨的数据。我们得出结论，在美国的一些行业中，接触二氧化硅仍然是一个持续且严重的问题。
