Centro de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Maimonides, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Parasit Vectors. 2023 Oct 27;16(1):389. doi: 10.1186/s13071-023-06022-6.
Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted intestinal nematode with a complex life cycle that primarily affects humans, non-human primates, dogs, and occasionally cats. This study presents, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of S. stercoralis infection and its genotyping in a domestic dog from Argentina.
The patient was a female wired-haired Teckel dog exhibiting recurrent coughing. Coproparasitological analysis using the Baermann technique revealed the presence of rhabditiform larvae morphologically compatible with S. stercoralis. To confirm this finding, molecular diagnosis (18S ribosomal RNA) and analysis of the cox1 gene were performed.
We identified a haplotype (HP20) that has previously only been related to S. stercoralis infection in dogs, but was found in the present study to be highly related to the haplotype (HP16) of a zoonotic variant and divergent from those previously described from human patients in Argentina. Furthermore, unlike in human cases following treatment with ivermectin, the dog was negative after moxidectin treatment according to polymerase chain reaction of the sampled faeces.
This case report shows the importance of further investigation into potential transmission events and prevalences of S. stercoralis in dogs and humans in South America. The results reported here should also encourage future work that examines different scenarios of infection with S. stercoralis in dogs and humans with the aim of integrating clinical management, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up strategies in the quest for new approaches for the treatment of this disease in animals and humans. The findings support the adoption of a One Health approach, which recognizes the interconnectedness between animal and human health, in addressing parasitic infections such as strongyloidiasis.
链状带绦虫是一种土壤传播的肠道线虫，具有复杂的生命周期，主要影响人类、非人类灵长类动物、狗，偶尔也会影响猫。本研究报告了首例来自阿根廷的家养犬感染链状带绦虫及其基因分型，就我们所知，这是首例。
患者为一只雌性刚毛泰克尔犬，表现出反复咳嗽。采用贝曼技术进行的粪便寄生虫分析显示，存在形态上与链状带绦虫幼虫相吻合的杆状幼虫。为了证实这一发现，进行了分子诊断（18S 核糖体 RNA）和 cox1 基因分析。
我们鉴定出一种单倍型（HP20），以前仅与犬感染链状带绦虫有关，但在本研究中发现，它与一种人畜共患变异株的单倍型（HP16）高度相关，与以前在阿根廷从人类患者描述的单倍型不同。此外，与伊维菌素治疗后的人类病例不同，根据取样粪便的聚合酶链反应，该犬在莫昔克丁治疗后呈阴性。
本病例报告表明，需要进一步调查南美地区犬和人类中链状带绦虫的潜在传播事件和流行情况。这里报告的结果还应鼓励未来的工作，研究犬和人类感染链状带绦虫的不同情况，目的是整合临床管理、诊断、治疗和随访策略，寻求治疗这种疾病的新方法，动物和人类。研究结果支持采用一种承认动物和人类健康相互关联的“同一健康”方法，来解决像旋毛虫病这样的寄生虫感染问题。
