Chorbińska Joanna, Krajewski Wojciech, Nowak Łukasz, Małkiewicz Bartosz, Del Giudice Francesco, Szydełko Tomasz
Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Maternal Infant and Urologic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2023 Oct 17;11(10):2816. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11102816.
The microbiome is the totality of microorganisms found in a specific biological niche. It has been proven that in the human body, the microbiome is responsible for its proper functioning. Dysbiosis, i.e., a disturbance in the composition of the microbiome, may be associated with the pathogenesis of many human diseases. Until recently, studies did not focus on the microbiome of the urinary tract, because, since the 19th century, there had been a dogma that urine in healthy people is sterile. Yet, advances in molecular biology techniques have allowed this dogma to be overthrown. The use of DNA sequencing has shown that the urinary tract has its own endogenous microbiome. This discovery enabled further research on the characteristics of the urine microbiomes of healthy people, as well as on the role of the urine microbiome in the pathogenesis of many urological diseases, including bladder diseases. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the urinary microbiome in bladder diseases and to identify potential directions for further research.
微生物群是在特定生物生态位中发现的微生物的总和。已经证明，在人体中，微生物群对其正常功能负责。生态失调，即微生物群组成的紊乱，可能与许多人类疾病的发病机制有关。直到最近，研究才开始关注泌尿道的微生物群，因为自19世纪以来，一直存在一种教条，即健康人的尿液是无菌的。然而，分子生物学技术的进步使这一教条被推翻。DNA测序的应用表明，泌尿道有其自身的内源性微生物群。这一发现使得能够进一步研究健康人的尿液微生物群的特征，以及尿液微生物群在包括膀胱疾病在内的许多泌尿系统疾病发病机制中的作用。这篇综述的目的是总结目前关于膀胱疾病中尿液微生物群的知识，并确定进一步研究的潜在方向。
