Department for Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Sep 26;59(10):1720. doi: 10.3390/medicina59101720.
: Simulation-based learning within neurosurgery provides valuable and realistic educational experiences in a safe environment, enhancing the current teaching model. Mixed reality (MR) simulation can deliver a highly immersive experience through head-mounted displays and has become one of the most promising teaching tools in medical education. We aimed to identify whether an MR neurosurgical simulation module within the setting of an undergraduate neurosurgical hands-on course could improve the satisfaction of medical students. : The quasi-experimental study with 223 medical students [120 in the conventional group (CG) and 103 in the MR-group (MRG)] was conducted at the University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany. An MR simulation module was presented to the intervention group during an undergraduate neurosurgical hands-on course. Images of a skull fracture were reconstructed into 3D formats compatible with the MR-Viewer (Brainlab, Munich, Germany). Participants could interact virtually with the model and plan a surgical strategy using Magic Leap goggles. The experience was assessed by rating the course on a visual analog scale ranging from 1 (very poor) to 100 (very good) and an additional Likert-scale questionnaire. : The satisfaction score for CG and MRG were 89.3 ± 13.3 and 94.2 ± 7.5, respectively. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test showed that MR users (Mdn = 97.0, IQR = 4, = 103) were significantly more satisfied than CG users (Mdn = 93.0, IQR = 10, = 120; ln(W) = 8.99, < 0.001) with moderate effect size (r^biserial = 0.30, CI95 [0.15, 0.43]), thus indicating that the utilization of MR-simulation is associated with greater satisfaction. : This study reports a positive response from medical students towards MR as an educational tool. Feedback from the medical students encourages the adoption of disruptive technologies into medical school curricula.
: 神经外科中的基于模拟的学习在安全的环境中提供了有价值且真实的教育体验，增强了当前的教学模式。混合现实 (MR) 模拟可以通过头戴式显示器提供高度身临其境的体验，并且已经成为医学教育中最有前途的教学工具之一。我们旨在确定在本科神经外科实践课程中设置的 MR 神经外科模拟模块是否可以提高医学生的满意度。 : 这项在德国明斯特大学医院进行的准实验研究纳入了 223 名医学生[120 名在常规组 (CG)，103 名在 MR 组 (MRG)]。在本科神经外科实践课程中，向干预组展示了一个 MR 模拟模块。颅骨骨折的图像被重建为与 MR-Viewer（德国慕尼黑的 Brainlab）兼容的 3D 格式。参与者可以使用 Magic Leap 护目镜与模型进行虚拟交互，并规划手术策略。通过视觉模拟量表（范围从 1（非常差）到 100（非常好））和额外的李克特量表问卷对课程进行评估来评估体验。 : CG 和 MRG 的满意度评分为 89.3 ± 13.3 和 94.2 ± 7.5。Wilcoxon 秩和检验显示，MR 用户（中位数 = 97.0，IQR = 4， = 103）明显比 CG 用户（中位数 = 93.0，IQR = 10， = 120；ln(W) = 8.99， < 0.001）更满意，具有中等效应量（r^biserial = 0.30，CI95 [0.15, 0.43]），这表明使用 MR 模拟与更高的满意度相关。 : 本研究报告了医学生对 MR 作为教育工具的积极反应。医学生的反馈鼓励将颠覆性技术纳入医学院校课程。
